Dienesha blocks. games and activities to develop logic, albums with tasks

“He’s a humanist,” mom and dad make excuses for a child who has difficulty learning mathematics. But how can parents instill a love for this science if they themselves consider it uninteresting and boring? The Hungarian scientist-teacher fundamentally refuted the usual stereotype about technicians and humanists, creating his own system of early education. Its main element is Dienesh's logical blocks. Without separating mathematics from creativity, they help to master abstract concepts and develop basic psychological processes in exciting games that will interest even adults.

How to do it yourself?

Dienesh logic blocks can be purchased in stores, downloaded from the Internet and printed, or you can make them yourself. But someone from the male half of the family should help solve this problem (it’s impossible to do without their hands, tools and skills).

We will not describe in detail the handmade methods of creating Dienesh blocks at home (you can easily find the exact step-by-step algorithm of actions and dimensions of the parts on the Internet). Let's just say that for one of the options for making blocks, you may need the following simple set: a wooden beam (or old wooden cubes), a jigsaw, sandpaper, watercolor paints in blue, yellow and red, a pencil, a ruler and a compass. Finding such things will not be difficult for men. But this process can bring a lot of joy to you and your children. And you can also find information on how to create a special album yourself and master several games on the Internet.

Middle group

Middle age preschoolers can play with diagrams and pictures. It is advisable to choose creative games with Dienesh blocks so that students use their imagination as much as possible.

Game with pictures

To play, you need to buy or print color pictures depicting different objects in a geometric representation. The child’s task is to correctly place the blocks on the picture. For example, the car wheel shown is a circle. This means you need to apply a round block.

Build a row

The game greatly develops the ability to analyze.

You need to place several blocks so that a clear sequence is formed. The player must understand which piece to place next. For example, a red circle followed by a blue one. Therefore, the third one will be the yellow circle. Or this combination: circle, square, triangle - all red. This means that the fourth figure will be a red rectangle.

What's extra

The game teaches you to group objects according to certain characteristics.

The teacher lays out 3 or 4 figures in front of the child. One should be superfluous, that is, not having a single common feature with the others. The player must point to the wrong object and explain his decision.

When the child begins to cope with it with ease, complicate the task: put 6 figures, of which two should be incorrect.

Point to an object with "not"

The teacher lays out the blocks and names signs with negation. And children must point to the corresponding objects. For example, “this figure is not red” or “this is not a triangle.”

Fix the bridge

To play, you need to prepare cards depicting geometric shapes, indicating their colors and sizes. And also similar cards, but with crossed out images, meaning that the block should not have such signs.

The teacher tells a story about how a bridge broke between the houses of two fairy-tale characters, and the neighbors can no longer see each other. The students' task is to repair the bridge. Only the “bricks” need to be laid not at random, but according to a certain rule, then the structure will be strong and will no longer break.

Next, the teacher shows 1-2 cards with parameters, and the children choose the appropriate “bricks”. For example, cards are shown with a crossed out triangle and an uncrossed red color. This means that the next “brick” for the bridge must be red, but cannot be a triangle.

Which figure disappeared

The game strengthens memory and concentration.

The teacher lays out several blocks in a row. The child tries to remember the sequence, then closes his eyes. The teacher removes one element of the sequence. The pupil, having opened his eyes, must remember what figure was in the place where it is now empty.

The game can be a little more complicated: do not leave an empty space, but replace the removed block with another. Then the player’s task becomes to return a number of figures to their original form. If the child copes well, you can complicate it even more: replace not one, but 2-3 objects.

Constructor

Children love to play with Dienesh blocks as if they were construction sets. This game develops imagination and creative thinking.

Children construct something at the suggestion of the teacher or at their own request. To begin, have students practice constructing using a visual diagram. Then they must use their imagination.

The essence of the technique

Dienesh developed a methodology for teaching mathematics and showed us with numerous examples that this is a rather interesting and entertaining science, and uses many more useful things in its development.

Thanks to many years of practice among preschool children, Dienesh presents us with unique teaching aids. His method has 6 steps.

Along the way of developing mathematical abilities, the creative and intellectual potential of the child is simultaneously affected and revealed, and sometimes the parent, playing with the baby without noticing it, gets carried away by the game.

Each stage carries a certain load and without the previous one you cannot move on to the next.

Here you will not find boring notebooks and boring textbooks; there is a game everywhere, funny drawings, unusual mysterious diagrams and symbols that you just want to solve. So,

Introductory stage. When the child first saw and began to get acquainted with the educational material. The mother gives the child the simplest task and does not try to help the child; he must try to solve the problem himself. As a rule, kids don’t try to think about this and quickly decide how it will work out or how it won’t work out at all. After this, the second stage of training begins. Here the mother should try to explain the new, slightly more complicated tasks in a manner understandable to the child.

It is important that the child understands what is required of him; this is the essence of learning.

The third stage can be called comparison. Here the child learns to compare and is offered approximately identical tasks, but different materials can and should be used to solve them.

At the fourth stage, the tasks become more complicated, but this only makes it more interesting, because this is what the author wanted

He recommends using tables and maps at this stage. Here we get acquainted and analyze the composition of numbers and new mathematical concepts.

The fifth stage is even more interesting. We move on to teaching symbols, both special mathematical symbols and ones we invent ourselves or together with our mother, and it’s even more fun to involve the whole family.

At the sixth stage, the Nobel Prize awaits us and we will learn what a theorem and axiom are. We learn to analyze and draw conclusions from our own conclusions.

The task for parents is to study the technique themselves and to interest the child as actively as possible.

He won’t be interested in playing on his own, but that’s again my opinion. My child himself doesn’t even play from albums. It was not like he sat down and began to lay out something on his own. He is not interested and bored. I always play with him. And I try to captivate him as much as possible and then I see the result, he does better the tasks that he did earlier.

A matter of choice

When children get older, we can come up with different games, and then plush toys come to the aid of little children - our furry friends, whom we can feed, dress, with whom we can go for walks and jump in puddles.

And then come up with actions with the figures from the set - say, imagine that these are pieces of soap with which we will wash them, and at the same time, very carefully, in the game, give the kids different concepts: division by color, division by shape.

Understanding that there are different figures, and one of the most difficult moments is understanding that you need to take a
different figure .
For example, not blue or red - but then which one? For example, not big - but then which one?

And if it is not blue and not big, then it turns out to be a complex riddle. And all the time you need to create a search situation. And then the child will have both interest and desire to develop.

When working with young children, do not demand from them perseverance and composure beyond their age.

The main thing is that all participants have fun.
The youngest children can concentrate for only a few minutes. That is, if your baby sorted through these objects for three to five minutes, consider that your lesson was completed.
Older children can already play for about ten minutes. But again, everything will depend on your desire to play. If your eyes are burning and you always want to come up with new things, then your lesson with three-year-old children can last half an hour. And you will be happy to discover new stories with them.

Dienesh's Original Theory: Six Steps to Learning Math Concepts for Kids

Zoltan Dienes is a famous Hungarian mathematician, practicing teacher and psychologist, who radically changed the stereotypical perception of mathematics as a routine and uncreative scientific discipline. Z. Dienesh's gaming methodology is aimed at helping children of preschool and primary school age to master a variety of mathematical concepts in an entertaining way, to form and develop the most important intellectual skills and psychological processes necessary for independent logical thinking.

Personal teaching experience and knowledge in the field of developmental child psychology helped Z. Dienesh to invent and implement the concept of six steps of learning mathematics for the little ones. In addition, the theory received original methodological equipment with a complex of didactic materials in the form of additional game aids and visual logical blocks, which became an effective tool for the development of the creative and mental potential of children. The methodology is used both in official pedagogy and in the self-education system.

The use of Dienesh's logical blocks in the development of logical and mathematical thinking in preschool children

The idea of ​​six steps for mastering mathematical knowledge and skills has undergone successful practical testing and proven its effectiveness. The substantive features of each stage received their own name:

Free creative play. The content of this phase consists of the teacher setting a specific task for the child. In search of a solution, the child goes through spontaneous options and experimentally finds the correct answer. This is the stage of introducing the child to the task that needs to be resolved. This is how a child begins to learn mathematical wisdom. Rules of the game. Having overcome the stage of trial and error, the baby begins the second phase - learning the rules of the game

It is important for a teacher or parent to correctly and clearly convey to the child’s mind the most important information about the rules for achieving the desired result. Matching phase. Taking the third step, the child faces the need to perform the mental operation of comparison

The author of the method invites adults to test the idea of ​​several games with similar meanings, but with different didactic material, in games with children. For example, first we play with blocks, then we cut out animal figures or lay out geometric shapes. We must see that the child independently solves the algorithm for correctly achieving the goal, regardless of the game material. In this way, you can make sure that the baby’s intellectual actions are meaningful and are not the result of mechanical memorization and automatic reproduction. This stage is necessary for the development of abstract thinking abilities. Introducing the abstract number symbol. At the fourth stage, various diagrams, maps and game tables will be in demand for the development of visual perception, the formation of visualization skills, and familiarization with the abstract meaning of numbers. Symbolic stage. The fifth step leads the child to the conclusion that the logical chains of various game series lead to a common result. To understand game cards, a special language of symbols is needed, which the child himself creates during the lessons. Stage of independent conclusions. The final stage will be the longest. The child, with the help of an adult, studies the meaning of the terms axiom and theorem, and independently draws the necessary logical conclusions based on the description of the rules of playing cards.

The possibilities of the manual are not limited to classes on the formation of basic mathematical knowledge; you can play Dienish games while learning English. Preschoolers post images, selecting the desired shapes and commenting on their actions (“big blue triangle”, “little yellow square”)

Dienisch developed his methodology for children in the age range from two to eight years, taking into account intellectual and psychological characteristics, so mathematical lessons are perceived with enthusiasm and passion. Adults need to be patient in studying the theoretical part of the method, as well as understand the set of teaching aids

The child’s developed ability to quickly and freely cope with complex mental exercises will be a worthy reward for parents and educators for their diligence and perseverance.

Options for using didactic material

Dienesh blocks include 48 items, each of which differs in different ways. A training manual is provided for the blocks, suggesting what participants in the process need to do during training. Playful activity is the most acceptable form of obtaining information, so children are happy to be involved in the process of interacting with blocks.

You can demonstrate tasks even for the little ones, because according to experienced teachers, from the age of two, a child is able to master the simplest actions with objects, so let them be useful games. At the initial stage, the baby can be offered:

• look for objects of the same shape or color;
• name the characteristics of already grouped objects;
• build figures from blocks according to a certain principle;
• classify objects according to several criteria.

It is precisely this simple activity that will help the child master basic knowledge and the similarities and differences of objects, the possibility of grouping them according to one or more characteristics. As a result of the activity, the child acquires the ability to draw conclusions, think, and compare.

The advantages of using Dienesh blocks are obvious, because with the help of a game form, a preschooler can be introduced to such a complex world of concepts, numbers and notations. The learning theory itself includes six stages:

• free play - the first stage, when the task is performed by trial and error, without highlighting logical things;
• rules - the impossibility of moving on if you do not apply a rule, even the simplest one;
• comparison - with the help of this stage, thinking in abstract concepts begins;
• representative stage - the student can follow the proposed methods, since he has enough knowledge acquired earlier;
• symbolic stage - the preschooler’s creativity becomes not thoughtless and chaotic, but obeys the laws of logic;
• the formalization stage is the highest degree of learning, when, based on various solution options, the child can not only choose the right one, but also draw a conclusion and justify his actions.

Games with kids

Dienesha blocks can be used from the age of 2 years, but the average age when children begin to develop an interest in them is 3 years.

The following exciting and useful games can be included in the schedule of the little ones.

• Distribution of figures into groups. The simplest task is to arrange the elements of the set into piles depending on color. Then the task becomes more complicated, the parent asks the child to group elements of the same size and shape. Next - even more interesting: now you need to find, for example, a yellow triangle among the elements.
• “Find the same one.” The parent shows the child a certain figure, for example a blue triangle, and asks him to find a similar element from the set, for example a triangle of any other color or some yellow element. The “Find another” task is performed in a similar way, but now the child’s task is to find a different figure (of a different color, shape, size).
• Games with albums. To do this, you need to purchase or download special colorful pictures on the Internet that depict flowers, animals, cars made from geometric shapes. The child will need to understand which element of the set should be attached to the picture (for example, a circle is a car wheel or a flower petal), decide on the color and size and complete the drawing.
• "Let's feed the animals." A great game for kids that will teach them how to sort figures into groups. The parent creates a kind of zoo by seating toy animals at the table. Next he gives the task - to feed them, using elements from the set as food. But each of the inhabitants of the menagerie eats only his own food (for example, the lion cub likes red figurines). The child’s task is to feed the animals. The tasks should be gradually made more difficult. After some time, the lion cub should fall in love not just with red elements, but with squares.
• Construction. This is a very interesting game for children 3-3.5 years old, allowing them to develop their creativity. Parents ask the child to create a house, a piece of furniture, a ladder - the child constructs the proposed options.

• Lay out a simple “chain” of red, yellow and blue elements on the table and invite the child to continue the row. His task is to distribute the colors in the correct sequence.
• Invite the child to continue the chain in such a way that there are no identical figures nearby (for example, the circles are not located one after the other, the red elements are not next to each other).
• Come up with a row yourself so that next to each other there are figures of the same size, but different in color or shape.

Such tasks will help you learn to identify the properties of figures and carry out analysis.

Junior group

For children of a younger age group, primitive games are suitable, in which you need to group and separate objects according to parameters.

Find the same one

The teacher shows the figure. The player must find the same object based on one parameter: geometry or color. For example: a yellow triangle is shown. This means you need to find either red and blue triangles, or other yellow shapes.

Find something different

The opposite of the previous task. It is required to find figures that differ from the demonstrated element in a certain parameter: size, color, geometry.

Plant in the beds

For the game you need to prepare improvised beds. The blocks will be vegetable seeds. The teacher gives the task to plant the seeds in certain beds. For example, for the first bed - small and red, for the second - square and yellow.

Feed the toys

To play, you need to place dolls or soft toys on the table. Dienesh blocks will be food. The teacher explains that toys want to eat, but each of them has its own food. For example, a teddy bear eats large yellow figures, and the Masha doll eats small blue ones. The players’ task is to choose the right blocks for each toy.

Lesson program with blocks: goals and objectives for different age groups

The goals of Z. Djeniš's method of early development of mathematical abilities:

Acquaintance with the basic geometric shapes, as well as the concept of a standard form, the formation of the ability to determine the color and size of an object, the development of the concept of set; Acquiring primary skills in algorithmic thinking; Activation of memory, development of the ability to concentrate and maintain attention, as well as mental processes of imagination and speech; Formation of spatial thinking, modeling and design skills; Actualization of creative potential; Development of an intellectual culture of thinking: the ability to compare, generalize, systematize, carry out independent analysis, understand the meaning of an abstract sign, encode and decipher information, give reasons for your statements. Nurturing personal initiative and strong-willed qualities in achieving educational goals, solving practical problems and overcoming obstacles.

Construction will develop imaginative thinking and creative abilities of the child, activates fantasy and imagination.

Features and general rules for using visual aids for each age category:

The ability to determine one property (shape, color, size or thickness).

The first junior group (2–3 years old) – Z. Dienesh’s blocks are in demand starting from the middle of the school year as an additional element in play activities. The teacher gradually includes blocks, additional diagrams and cards in order to form and consolidate an idea of ​​one property of an object. The acquired skill of operating with a single property of an object is applied not only to the game manual, but also to fairy-tale literary characters, thus expanding the space of game modeling and activating the fantasy and imagination of children. For greater comfort and efficiency of classes, it is recommended to distribute children into small subgroups.

Video: Logical blocks of Dienesh in the first junior group

https://youtube.com/watch?v=yhQVkuDZzFcVideo can't be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: Dienesh logic blocks in I ml group (https://youtube.com/watch?v=yhQVkuDZzFc)

Feature matching skills.

• The second younger group (3–4 years old) - the teacher includes the concept of a second qualitative distinctive property; by the end of the school year, children freely distinguish between two properties of an object and its symbolic encrypted image in the form of a card. The ability to read cards containing coded information about the properties of an object develops, and the acquired skills are used in a logic game.
• Middle group (4–5 years old) – over the course of a year, children master the skill of identifying and comparing three characteristics. Gradually, the negative particle “not” is introduced into the speech lexicon. Situations are actively played out when each child is given three symbol cards and asked to select the corresponding logical blocks or figures, which then must be used as building bricks according to a given algorithm of actions, for example, for the joint construction of a building or the construction of a road, playground, etc. .

Improving acquired skills in conditions of increasing complexity of tasks on logical operations of systematization and classification.

Senior and preparatory group (5–7 years old) - the practice of using cards for three properties continues, by the end of the school year the fourth property is introduced. The teacher’s task is to teach children to strictly follow the rules of the game, to consolidate in the child’s mind the understanding that violating the correct sequence will not allow achieving the desired result. The range of gaming exercises becomes more diverse and complex thanks to the use of new didactic tools such as hoops and algorithmic schemes.

Logic cubes, like symbol cards, will help you come up with a variety of games with your children, and these games, in turn, will be useful for mastering the actions of substitution and visual modeling, encoding and decoding

In carrying out the final diagnostics of the success of teaching activities according to the method of Z. Dienesh, one should focus on the following predicted result:

1. Pupils improve their communication skills and their desire to cooperate in educational and gaming activities increases.
2. Logical thinking develops, the cognitive and creative potential of children is revealed.
3. Children show more independence and activity.
4. The initial stage of mastering mathematical knowledge is successfully overcome, and interest in this academic discipline is established.

The purpose of using the Dienes technique

Dienesh blocks will not let your child get bored during classes

The method was developed by the Hungarian mathematician Zoltan Gyenes, who proposed teaching the exact sciences in a playful way. To develop his own program, Z. Dienesh was trained as a psychologist, which gave him the opportunity to create a unique technology for teaching children mathematics.

The main goals of the program are:

• introducing children to the shapes and sizes of various elements and geometric figures;
• development of thinking and the ability to compare, group according to certain criteria, analyze, generalize, and use information;
• acquire the ability to think in algorithms and do it in practice;
• develop cognitive abilities;
• promote the manifestation of creative skills.

Thanks to active work with children of different ages and wards of different abilities, Dienesh was able to develop a program that took into account all the peculiarities of the pupils’ perception of information. The versatility of the teaching algorithm can significantly increase the level of mathematical abilities in preschoolers.

History of creation

It is interesting to look at some facts from the biography of the Hungarian teacher, mathematician and child psychology researcher Zoltán Dienes. It was he who gave children of all countries a wonderful way to develop and comprehend the mathematical side of reality. He really wanted to create something that would make mastering exact mathematical science comfortable, interesting and entertaining. As a result, he achieved his goal and developed an excellent technique, which is very popular among teachers and parents.

The learning process should not be boring, Zoltan Dienes believed

When something is explained to a child for a long time, he needs to listen carefully, then try to repeat what he heard, then he, as a rule, loses interest and cannot maintain stable attention for a long time

While examining the peculiarities of the development of mental abilities in preschool children, Dienesh made an important conclusion: children cope well with mastering numbers and simple arithmetic, but they are extremely weak in understanding abstractions. The child searches for an answer, often using a pattern (scheme) already known to him.

But the search is not always successful. Based on this fact, Dienes came up with a way to familiarize yourself with complex abstract categories in an accessible visual form. This approach is an important component of preparing a child for further education at school. But on top of everything else, it brings kids a lot of fun in the process of mastering logic.

Figures with a riddle

The manual is called “Dienesh Blocks”. What is it? This is a set of geometric shapes. It is better, of course, to make or purchase several sets. Why are they interesting? It seems like typical cubes, the same typical colors and shapes. In fact, they have a big feature.

Let's take these figures - this square and this one seem to be the same, in size, color, and shape. But no, in fact they are different in thickness. And this is the riddle that the wonderful author of these blocks asked all of us, adults.

That is, he selected the figures in such a way that they differ according to four different criteria. By size, by color, by shape and by thickness.

Thus, operating with four categories, you can solve very complex inventive problems

, and ultimately have great fun.

During the learning process, academic knowledge is of interest to a narrow circle of people, but children are more interested in the creative process and its results. A huge number of manuals have been developed for these cubes, and you can create and develop wonderfully with them.

Logical “Blocks of Dienesh” - a universal guide. The child is six months old, and he can already begin to master it

- of course, for now for the purpose of familiarization, but the older the baby, the more varied and complex the games with blocks become. Starting literally from six months, these cubes can be shown to babies.

They are easy to wash and clean, and therefore even little “six-month olds” manipulate these wonderful objects, can get acquainted with and capture shape, color, size and see that the world is very different.

Best age

Children of different age groups can practice with Dienesh blocks.

• The youngest children - from 2 years old - can use the elements of the set as substitute objects and play simple, exciting games (for example, “Feed the Animals”).
• Secondary preschool group. With the help of colored figures, children can build various pictures, using ready-made diagrams or using their own imagination.
• Senior preschool group. Blocks are a great way to improve math skills, learn to count, and gain the most important concepts of “more” and “less.”
• Elementary School. Numerous classes with Dienesh blocks will allow you to work through issues that you couldn’t figure out in class in a fun, non-boring way, as well as consolidate your knowledge and improve your ability to think logically.

Each age has its own exercises that will be interesting and accessible to children. Parents can use ready-made options from the file cabinet or come up with something of their own.

Field for imagination

In order not to get bored - after all, any thing gets a little boring - you can add absolutely any scenarios.

For example, build baskets and put wooden fruits in them - that's what you have, or real fruits, and then have fun crunching them. You can take various interesting animals and build different ships for them. And these animals will travel with us. Don't be afraid to create, don't be afraid to experiment.

If your cubes are not wooden, then you should try to compensate for this with different materials. The materials are all different in texture: very noisy, ringing plastic; and a wonderful tree; and everyone’s favorite glass – heavy, smooth, noisy; and wonderful bright multi-colored buttons.

This is the universality of the aids - the principle that you can use whatever is at hand to play. Moreover, if you do not have the opportunity to buy a manual, you can open a page on the Internet and see the entire list of materials.

You can, if you don’t have wood, glue them together from cardboard and create this educational set for your child, so universal that you can go with it into a long life as a researcher of physical phenomena and a young conqueror of interesting mathematical tasks.

Games with Dienesha blocks for the older group

When the child grows up, he will be able to click the exercises for kids like seeds, and the tasks will have to be complicated. Dienesh's method for preschoolers is designed for children 5-6 years old. The exercises are more complex; not only the cubes themselves are actively used, but also cards and game albums. The tasks are aimed at developing logical thinking in an adult child and the ability to explain the decision made. Study a few games as examples, based on which you can come up with many more exercises.

Search

Give your child any figurine of Dienesh or offer to choose one yourself. Then, from the total mass of blocks, he will take out all those that coincide with the first one in one given property. Once he has mastered the game well, make it more difficult. Let the child select blocks that have two identical properties to the one originally taken. Then you can make the game even more difficult. The child must choose those blocks that do not have a single adjacent property with the first one.

Domino

This game is suitable even for several children. Rules:

1. Each player receives an equal number of blocks. The order of participants is determined.
2. The first one makes a move with any piece.
3. The second one places a block that has one of the same properties.
4. If there is no suitable piece, the participant misses a move.
5. The first one to lay out all his blocks wins.
6. The game can be complicated by changing the rules about the properties of the pieces being laid out. For example, you need to respond with a block that has two similar characteristics, etc.

Find the odd one out

The following game will help children learn to group three-dimensional geometric shapes according to various criteria. Rules:

1. Place three figures in front of the child. One of them should not have a single property in common with the others.
2. Let the child figure out which block is extra and explain why and how he came to this conclusion.
3. Make the task more difficult. Lay out 6 blocks. The baby must remove the extra two.

Find a match

This game will appeal to children who have already mastered all the simple tasks well. Rules:

1. Place several figures in a row in front of your child.
2. Offer to select a steam room for each according to a specific property.
3. Make the task more difficult. Let the child try to choose a pair based not on one, but on two or three properties.
4. You can initially take, for example, 10 paired elements. Place them in a bag. Let the child make the pairs himself, laying out the Dienesh figures in two horizontal rows.

Artists

To play the game you will need several large sheets of colored cardboard. They serve as sketches of paintings. To compose the composition, additional cardboard parts are needed. The game teaches you to analyze the shape of objects, compare them, and develops creative and artistic abilities. Rules:

1. Based on the sketches, the kids must “paint” a picture.
2. They choose the preparation themselves. It shows schematically where which blocks should be located. Thin ones will only be outlined, and thick ones will be completely painted over.
3. Let the children select the missing blocks and parts cut out of cardboard to the correct places in the “sketch”.

Shop

For this task you need cards with images of objects that will serve as goods, and logical elements. The game “Shop” develops memory, the ability to reason, justify your choice, identify and abstract properties. Rules:

1. A preschooler comes to a store that has a variety of card products. He has three figures that perform the function of money. You can purchase one item for each.
2. The child needs to buy an object that has at least one property that matches the money figure.
3. You can gradually complicate the game by offering new rules.

Let's decorate the Christmas tree

The following game helps develop the skills of ordinal counting and diagram reading. For it you will need an image of a Christmas tree and 15 cards with symbols and blocks. Rules:

1. The Christmas tree should be decorated with beads in five rows. Each will contain three beads.
2. The number on the card is the serial number of the position of the thread from top to bottom. The circle painted on it shows which number the bead should go, and below it indicates which element will represent it.
3. Let the child hang the first row of beads, and then all the lower ones, strictly following the diagram on the card.

Even more games

Along with the blocks, you can use the “Let's Play Together” manual, which continues and deepens the work on the Dienesh system. It includes:

• cards with conventional images of features of figures or denial of their properties, 11 confirming the feature (round), and 11 denying (not red). They help in mastering such abstract concepts for children as signs.
• 9 groups of figures, each of which consists of 24 pieces;
• logic cubes - 5 with property symbols and one with numbers, form the child’s skills such as coding and decoding.

Using logical blocks together with a set of cards, you can create about 20 different game plots. Here are just a few of them.

Game "In the store"

The set also contains sheets with drawn toys from playing figures. The baby is given “money” (blocks) with which he can buy toys for himself. But this can be done in such a way that the existing block and the figures in the image have at least one common feature. For example, for a red triangle you can buy a house or an animal with triangular ears.

"Logic Train"

The application provides several trains, each with its own color, assigned number and four carriages. Children place cards above their carriages with the indicated algorithm for changing the characteristics of the figures and select the corresponding blocks. For example, if you can change the shape and color, then a red round weight will become a yellow square one.

Other development systems:

• Makoto Shichida technique
• Cuisenaire counting sticks

Among the worksheets in the “Let's Play Together” set, there are also those that represent algorithms. You can play “architects” with them, creating a playground project or decorating a Christmas tree according to the pattern.

Open lesson using Dienesha blocks in preschool educational institutions

Tasks using Dienesh's logic blocks can be demonstrated in an open lesson, since the use of various developmental aids in the preschool pedagogical process is very relevant today. Colleagues will be interested in seeing games and exercises with mathematical content, especially if they were invented by the teacher himself.

You can organize such an open viewing with children of different ages, starting from the second youngest group: kids will be interested in manipulating with multi-colored figures. To make the event successful, the teacher can additionally use ICT tools and involve game characters. Integrated classes are interesting, where one type of educational activity smoothly flows into another. As for specific topics for open viewing, you can build a lesson in the form of a journey (“Journey to the City of Geometric Shapes”, “Holiday in the Land of Magic Blocks”, etc.), or immersion in a fairy tale (for example, “Let's Help Doctor Aibolit” , “On a visit to Prostokvashino”, etc.).

After an open lesson, there is a mandatory discussion by teachers. Justifying the effectiveness of his methods and techniques, the teacher can invite his colleagues to perform certain exercises themselves based on Dienesh’s developmental manual.

Discussion of open viewing may also include a practical part - exercises for adults with blocks

Table: example of a summary of an open lesson on FEMP in the second junior group (fragment)

Varieties of games and activities with the Dienesh set

You can organize work with logical blocks in a preschool educational institution in different forms:

• classes (primarily the formation of elementary mathematical concepts (FEMP) and the development of speech - modeling fairy tales, as well as complex and integrated ones, including several types of activities);
• games (didactic, role-playing, active);
• activities in free time from classes (construction, visual arts - drawing up pictures from blocks, using them as object references, etc.).

EMF classes

Most often, manipulations with the Dienesh kit are included in the content of EMF classes. Based on the figures, the teacher offers children various tasks, during which they reinforce the concept of shape, size, quantity, etc. Most often, these exercises fit into a certain plot.

Traditionally, Dienesh blocks are used in math classes

For example, Masha (the heroine of a popular cartoon) baked pies of different colors, sizes and shapes for Mishka (their role is played by Dienesh blocks). But they all got mixed up. Masha wanted to leave all the round ones for the bear, treat the square ones to the bear, and give the triangular ones to her grandparents. The task of preschoolers is to sort the pies into plates. Masha baked a delicious cake for herself, which the children model from blocks: a large yellow cake (a large circle) is decorated with two small circles and one small triangle, and all objects have a different color.

Modeling fairy tales in communication classes

It turns out that using Dienesh’s set, you can create a fun activity for developing speech. Fairy tales are modeled using blocks. The modeling method allows you to focus the preschooler’s attention on the logic of presentation, the key features of the character, and the metaphorical nature of the native language. Using Dienesh blocks, the teacher symbolically designates the main characters of the fairy tale.

You can take Russian folk tales known to preschoolers as a basis. Each child is given a set of blocks, and he repeats the actions of the teacher - laying out figures at his workplace. For example, in the fairy tale “Ryaba Hen”, the grandfather and woman can be designated by large rectangles: the grandfather - blue, and the woman - red. And the teacher, after a joint discussion with the children, decides to represent the chicken in the form of a large yellow circle. The egg, accordingly, will be a small yellow circle, and the mouse will be a small blue triangle. After identifying all the characters, the teacher suggests remembering them again: he shows the kids some figure, and they describe its properties (color, shape, size) and guess the character of the fairy tale. In the younger group, it is better to take only 3 parameters; thickness is taken into account starting from the middle group. In the senior level, the task can be complicated: the child is blindfolded, he picks up a block, names its properties and guesses the hero.

Each hero of a fairy tale corresponds to a specific figure from Dienesh’s set

In a similar way, you can play out the fairy tales “Kolobok”, “Teremok”, “Turnip”, “Pykh” in communication classes. The fairy tale “Teremok”, for example, is interesting because with the help of Dienesh blocks, kids will consolidate the idea of ​​​​the sizes of animals: for example, a frog and a bunny will be small triangles (red and blue, respectively), and a fox and a wolf will be large figures (red triangle and yellow square). And by modeling the Belarusian fairy tale “Pykh”, preschoolers will better understand the shape of vegetables: cabbage, carrots, beets, turnips.

Examples of activities

Here are some examples of games and exercises using the Dienesh method. They are used both at home and in junior, middle and senior groups of kindergartens.

"Second row". This game effectively trains the analytical type of comprehension. Multiple shapes must be used. We add them in a certain sequence, for example, triangles of two colors. Let the child try to guess which figure should follow next. If the solution is correct, he must build a triangle of the third color into the row. With another option, you can create a different sequence, for example a series of single-colored shapes. Let the little explorer guess that figures of the same color should be placed next to each other.

With kids

You can safely introduce children as young as two years old to mastering the Dienesh technique. By the age of three, their interest will increase even more.

A very useful activity for little children will be to simply distribute the figures into different groups, for example by color. It will be more difficult for them to group by size of elements and even more difficult by shape.

With preschoolers

Four- and five-year-old children enjoy working with Dienesh blocks. They are excellent assistants in preparing for further compulsory lessons at the age of six and seven and for teaching in the first grades. During this period, children can master many interesting tasks in this area.

"Let's decorate the Christmas tree"

One of these is called “Let’s decorate the Christmas tree.” You need to cut out a Christmas tree from cardboard or draw and decorate it. Next, you need to prepare cards with hints on which you need to depict figures painted in the three colors of Dienesh. Next to the image write a number that will indicate the number of figures placed on the Christmas tree. Let the subject try to understand the meaning of these patterns. And then, looking at them and using the elements of the Dienesh block, he will decorate the Christmas tree.

Classes with areas

It is important to introduce the concept of sets into children's thinking. Place red parts inside the drawn circles that do not intersect each other, and yellow parts inside the other circle.

Leave the blue parts outside the circles. In this way, the child becomes familiar with the fact that objects can be inside and outside. When the preschooler understands the essence of this activity, you can begin to complicate it.

Draw intersecting circles, put red figures in one of them, blue ones in the other, and let the student try to guess for himself which parts should be placed at the intersection. These are red and blue parts of the same size and shape, for example squares.

Complicated chain

This is an exercise option for older children. They are asked to create a chain so that neighboring figures have a similar feature. For example, the first figure is a blue square, the second is a circle, but of a different color, the third is a triangle of a color different from the square and circle. When the child can do this exercise without difficulty, you can invite him to come up with similar chains on his own.

Then you need to complicate the task much more: determine the number of objects that will be in the chain, for example eight, put the first and last figures, ask to distribute the elements so that a formed series of figures comes out that do not coincide with each other in any way. But first you need to check whether the problem you came up with has a solution; to do this, first assemble the sequence yourself.

See educational games for preschoolers with Dienesh blocks below.

Dienesha blocks for preschool children

Dienesh blocks look like three-dimensional geometric objects, reminiscent of those from which children usually build houses. However, this is not just a construction set, but material for a whole series of educational and educational games.

The set includes 48 non-repeating shapes. Each object differs from the others in at least one of 4 parameters:

• geometry - circle, square, triangle, rectangle;
• color – red, blue, yellow;
• size – large, small;
• volume - thick, thin.

That is, the set consists of 4 groups of figures of 12 pieces each. Groups of Dienesh blocks allow you to organize many exciting games that teach preschoolers to analyze, compare, generalize, and classify information. The set is supplemented with cards with illustrative, schematic and template images, as well as descriptions of tasks.

Ready-made cards and assignments are in demand; with their help, it is easier for a preschooler to get acquainted with geometric shapes. Based on the schematic image, the child makes a picture. Younger children place blocks directly on the diagram. Older preschoolers lay out the figures next to the schematic image.

The method was invented by educational psychologist Zoltan Dienes. It is an entertaining game form for developing mathematical thinking in children. According to the famous teacher, mastering mathematics is only effective when the child does not get bored. It is difficult for a preschooler to fix information in his mind when he has to listen for a long time and strain his brain. And the game method allows the child to absorb and remember information without stress and fatigue.

The method of teacher Dienesh develops mathematical thinking. For the comprehensive development of a child, it is necessary to use other teaching methods.

Dienesh's method involves 6 learning stages, depending on the age abilities of the children:

• a game without rules - the child learns to work with blocks, he develops mathematical concepts;
• playing by the rules;
• lesson with comparative analysis;
• representation – the child plays in accordance with the proposed methods, focusing on the acquired knowledge;
• creative activities conducted in accordance with logical concepts;
• formalization is that level of classes at which a preschooler is already able to draw conclusions and justifications.