How to come up with a fairy tale about plants?

In order for children to develop logical thinking, to have a desire to understand the essence of objects and phenomena, to develop the ability to analyze and correctly draw conclusions, and also to develop an attentive and caring attitude towards nature, a fairy tale about plants, composed by a child with some help from parents, works very well. This way you can teach how to build an associative series, and children’s imagination develops especially quickly.

Start

Of course, the child should already have a certain base of rules characteristic of fairy tales. This is always accompanied by reading. Before writing, you need obligatory observations on walks, stories about the characteristics of various plants: is it beneficial or harmful, is it a wild weed or a cultivated plant, ornamental, medicinal or edible. A fairy tale about plants usually begins in the same way as other fairy tales: “Once upon a time...” or “In a distant country...” - and this choice can be entrusted to the child.

Next, you need to jointly decide what kind of story it will be - scary, with adventures, kind or just educational. This decision will determine the choice of the main character. Although a fairy tale about plants will be composed, the presence of a main character is mandatory. It can be a tree, a bush, a flower, or a berry, but the presence of a person is quite appropriate. For example: “Once upon a time there lived an old woman on the edge of the forest in her rickety hut. She spent days wandering through the forest and collecting various herbs, berries and flowers. These were not simple plants, but healing ones. People from the village often came to the old woman for help: she would cure colds and remove bruises for the children.”

Plants in legends and tales of Rus'

Voronkina Lyudmila Artemyevna, teacher of additional education MBOU DOD DTDM g.o. Togliatti This material will be of interest to students of middle and high school age. Goal: broadening the horizons of children. Objectives: To introduce students to the beautiful stories associated with plants. According to ancient legends, the East Slavic god Yarilo gifted the earth with plants (according to scientists, this word goes back to the two words yara-spring, and yar-year; it is no secret that earlier, in pagan times, the year was counted from spring). “Oh, you goy, Mother of Cheese Earth! Love me, God of light. For your love, I will decorate you with blue seas, yellow sands, blue rivers, silver lakes, green ant grass, scarlet and azure flowers...” And so every spring, the earth blooms from its winter sleep. THE LEGEND OF THE LILY OF THE LILY

In ancient Slavic legends, lily of the valley flowers were called the tears of Volkhova (the mistress of the underwater kingdom), who loved the guslar Sadko, whose heart belonged to the earthly girl - Lyubava. Having learned that her lover’s heart was occupied, Volkhova did not reveal her love to Sadko, but sometimes at night, in the light of the moon on the shore of the lake, she sobbed bitterly. And large tear-pearls, touching the ground, sprouted like lilies of the valley. Since then, the lily of the valley in Rus' has become a symbol of hidden love. THE LEGEND OF CHAMOMILE

There lived a girl in the world and she had a loved one - Roman, who made gifts for her with his own hands, turning every day of the girl’s life into a holiday! One day Roman went to bed and dreamed of a simple flower - a yellow core and white rays spreading out to the sides from the core. When he woke up, he saw a flower next to him and gave it to his girlfriend. And the girl wanted all people to have such a flower. Then Roman went in search of this flower and found it in the land of Eternal Dreams, but the king of this country did not give the flower away just like that. The ruler told Roman that people would receive a whole field of chamomile if the young man remained in his country. The girl waited for her beloved for a very long time, but one morning she woke up and saw a huge white and yellow field outside the window. Then the girl realized that her Roman would not return and named the flower in honor of her beloved - Chamomile! Now girls tell fortunes using a daisy - “Love-bit-dislike!” THE LEGEND ABOUT THE CENTRANT

An ancient folk myth tells how a beautiful mermaid fell in love with a handsome young plowman Vasily. Their love was mutual, but the lovers could not decide where to live - on land or in water. The mermaid did not want to part with Vasily and turned him into a wildflower the color of cool blue water. Since then, every summer, when blue cornflowers bloom in the fields, mermaids weave wreaths from them and put them on their heads. THE LEGEND OF DANDELION.

One day the flower goddess descended to earth. She wandered for a long time through fields and forest edges, through gardens and forests, wanting to find her favorite flower. The first thing she saw was a tulip. The goddess decided to talk to him: “What are you dreaming about, Tulip?” she asked. Tulip, without hesitation, answered: “I would like to grow in a flowerbed near an ancient castle, covered with emerald grass.” Gardeners would look after me. Some princess would adore me. Every day she would come up to me and admire my beauty. The tulip’s arrogance made the goddess sad. She turned and wandered on. Soon she came across a rose on her way. - Could you become my favorite flower, Rose? - asked the goddess. - If you sit me near the walls of your castle so that I can weave them. I am very fragile and delicate, I cannot grow anywhere. I need support and very good care. The Goddess did not like the rose's answer and she moved on. Soon she came to the edge of the forest, which was covered with a purple carpet of violets. —Would you become my favorite flower, Violet? - asked the Goddess, looking with hope at the small graceful flowers. - No, I don’t like attention. I feel good here, on the edge, where I am hidden from prying eyes. The stream waters me, the mighty trees shield me from the hot sun, which could damage my deep, rich color. In desperation, the Goddess ran wherever her eyes were looking and almost stepped on a bright yellow dandelion. - Do you like living here, Dandelion? she asked. — I like to live wherever there are children. I love to hear their noisy games, I love to watch them run to school. I could take root anywhere: along roadsides, in courtyards and city parks. Just to bring joy to people. The goddess smiled: “Here is a flower that will be my favorite.” And now you will bloom everywhere from early spring until late autumn. And you will be the children's favorite flower. Since then, dandelions bloom for a long time and in almost any conditions. THE LEGEND OF PANSIES

In Rus' there was a belief that once upon a time there lived a beautiful Anyuta, kind and trusting, and with all her soul she fell in love with the handsome seducer, but he was afraid of her love and left, promising to return soon. Anyuta waited for him for a long time, looking at the road, fading from melancholy and died. Three-colored “violets” grew on her grave, and each of the flowers personified Pansy’s feelings: hope, resentment and sadness from unrequited love. THE LEGEND OF ROWAN

One day, the daughter of a rich merchant fell in love with a simple guy, but her father did not want to hear about such a poor groom. To save his family from shame, he decided to resort to the help of a sorcerer. His daughter accidentally found out about this and the girl decided to run away from her home. On a dark and rainy night, she hurried to the river bank to the meeting place with her beloved. At the same hour the sorcerer also left the house. But the guy noticed the sorcerer. In order to take the danger away from the girl, the brave young man rushed into the water. The sorcerer waited until he swam across the river and waved his magic staff when the young man was already climbing out to the shore. Then lightning flashed, thunder struck, and the guy turned into an oak tree. All this happened in front of the girl, who was a little late to the meeting place because of the rain. And the girl also remained standing on the shore. Her slender figure became the trunk of a rowan tree, and her arms—branches—stretched out towards her beloved. In the spring she puts on a white outfit, and in the fall she sheds red tears into the water, sad that “the river is wide, you cannot cross, the river is deep, but you cannot drown.” So there are two lonely trees standing on different banks, loving each other. And “it’s impossible for a rowan tree to move to an oak tree; apparently, an orphan’s eyelids can swing alone.” THE LEGEND OF KALINA

Once upon a time, when viburnum berries were sweeter than raspberries, there lived a girl in love with a proud blacksmith. The blacksmith did not notice her and often walked through the forest. She then decided to set the forest on fire. The blacksmith came to his favorite place, and there was only a viburnum bush growing, watered with tears, and a tear-stained girl was sitting under it. The tears she shed did not allow the last bush in the forest to burn. And then the blacksmith’s heart became attached to this girl, but it was too late, like the forest, the girl’s youth and beauty burned. She grew old quickly, but the guy regained the ability to respond to love. And until old age, he saw the image of a young beauty in his hunched old woman. Since then, viburnum berries have become bitter, like tears from unrequited love. THE LEGEND ABOUT ROSE HIP There is a legend that tells where the rose hip itself came from and how its healing properties were discovered. Once upon a time a young Cossack woman and a young man fell in love with each other, but the old chieftain also had his eye on the beauty. He decided to separate the lovers and sent the young guy to military service. As a farewell gift, he gave his beloved a dagger. The old chieftain wanted to force the Cossack woman to marry him, but she ran away and killed herself with the gift of a weapon. In the place where her scarlet blood was shed and a bush grew, which was covered with beautiful flowers with a charming aroma. When the ataman wanted to pick an amazing flower, the bush became covered with prickly thorns and no matter how hard the Cossack tried, nothing happened, he only wounded his hands. In the fall, bright fruits appeared to replace the flowers, but no one even dared to try them. One day, an old grandmother sat down to rest under a bush from the road and heard him say to her in a girlish voice that she should not be afraid, but would make tea from the berries. The old lady listened and after drinking tea, she felt 10 years younger. The good reputation quickly spread and rose hips began to be known and used for medicinal purposes. THE LEGEND ABOUT HAWTHORN

According to Russian legends, there lived in a village a green-eyed girl with a beautiful face; she valued loyalty and purity above all virtues. But Genghis Khan’s grandson, Batu Khan, liked her. For several days he unsuccessfully tried to talk to her, but the girl was engaged and did not answer Batu Khan. Then Batu Khan tracked her down, but the Russian woman was not afraid, grabbed a dagger from under the shushpan and hit herself in the chest. She fell dead at the foot of a hawthorn tree, and since then young girls in Rus' began to be called hawthorns, young ladies, and young women - boyars. The legend about the cuckoo's tears plant says that the cuckoo cried over this plant on the Ascension Day and stains from her tears remained on its flowers. Look closely and you can actually see the specks - that's why the plant is called cuckoo's tears! Another name for cuckoo tears is spotted orchis. THE LEGEND OF FERN

Everyone knows this legend, which tells about Midsummer's Day (the pagan holiday of Ivan Kupala, previously, before the baptism of Rus', was celebrated on the day of the summer solstice (i.e., the longest daylight day of the year), now it is celebrated on July 7 on the day of the Nativity of John the Baptist, i.e. . astronomical correspondence to the pagan holiday is now lost). So, according to legend, it was at midnight on Ivan Kupala that a bright fiery fern flower bloomed, so bright that it was impossible to look at it, and the earth opened up, displaying all the treasures and treasures. An invisible hand tears it off, and the human hand has almost never managed to do this. Whoever manages to pick this flower will gain the power to command everyone. After midnight, those who were lucky enough to find a fern flower ran “in what their mother gave birth to” through the dewy grass and bathed in the river to receive fertility from the earth. THE LEGEND ABOUT IVAN-TEA It is connected with the ancient Russian word “tea” (not a drink!), which meant: most likely, perhaps, in all likelihood, etc. In a Russian village there lived a guy Ivan. He was very fond of red shirts, he used to put on a shirt, go out to the outskirts and walk along the edge of the forest, for a walk. The villagers, seeing the bright red color among the greenery, said: “Yes, it’s Ivan, tea, walking.” They got so used to it that they didn’t even notice that Ivan was gone from the village and began to say to the scarlet flowers that suddenly appeared near the outskirts, “Yes, it’s Ivan, tea!” THE LEGEND OF THE SWIMSUIT

An ancient legend about a swimsuit that came to us from Western Siberia: “The slender young shepherd Alexei often drove herds of horses to watering at Lake Baikal. The horses flew at full speed into the bright waters of the lake, raising fountains of splashes, but Alexei was the most restless of all. He dived and swam so joyfully and laughed so contagiously that he scared all the mermaids. The mermaids began to come up with various tricks to lure Alexei, but none of them received his attention. Sighing sadly, the mermaids sank to the bottom of the lake, but one fell in love with Alexei so much that she did not want to part with him. She began to get out of the water and quietly pursue the shepherd. Her hair was bleached by the sun and turned golden. The cold gaze lit up. However, Alexey did not notice anything. Sometimes he paid attention to the unusual outlines of the fog, similar to a girl stretching out her hands to him. But even then he only laughed and accelerated the horse so fast that the mermaid jumped to the side in fear. The last time she sat not far from Alexey by the night fire, trying to attract attention with a whisper, a sad song and a pale smile, but when Alexey stood up to approach her, the mermaid melted in the morning rays, turning into the Bathing Flower, which Siberians affectionately call Zharki ." As you can see, many legends tell us about events related to plants. Basically, everything is connected with the highest human feelings: love, pride, faith, hope, loyalty, courage. There are also a number of legends about the healing power of plants. THE LEGEND ABOUT SABELNIK. In ancient times, a very peaceful people lived in the Russian North, but a strong enemy came and drove them from their native land into dense and swampy forests. It was difficult for them; serious illnesses and illnesses began. The people cried out: “Lord, send us help and salvation!” A horseman appeared in the night, his saber flashed, cutting through the thick fog, and the next morning the whole earth was strewn with purple flowers. All parts of this plant have proven to be healing. Since then, the name cinquefoil has come about. cuts off all diseases and restores health. There is probably not a single ethnic group in the world that does not have legends and beliefs about the magical origin and power of plants. What is this connected with? Probably because from time immemorial plants have been both food and healer for people. They were credited with magical miraculous properties, sung in songs and poems, and depicted in ethnic patterns. The life of our great-great-great-great-ancestors was inextricably linked with plants and was reflected in folklore

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Intrigue

However, a fairy tale about plants will not be interesting if there is no action in it. For example: “Once upon a time, an old woman found a tall, beautiful bush, with unprecedented flowers. The petals are orange, with curved tips. And it’s as if everything in freckles is speckled. It grew up alone." Girls will probably choose a fairy tale about a wild plant with beautiful flowers. They don’t yet know that their favorite “saranka” or “tiger lily” is called lanceolate lily, and it came to dachas and lawns just from the wild.

Such a fairy tale about a wild plant that has been domesticated will awaken curiosity and arm you with knowledge. Surely the lily in the children's story was enchanted, and the old woman will have to fight for the bulb of this plant to take root in her garden. You can imagine how other plants helped the wild lily to enter their community, how harmful insects, which were sent, for example, by the evil forest kikimora, prevented this, and how good insects helped defeat the evil ones. And you get a fairy tale about a wild and cultivated plant at the same time. It is necessary to clarify how the lily has changed, becoming beautiful year after year thanks to new conditions: the flowers have become larger and brighter, and the bush is taller and denser.

Stories about plants, material on fiction (senior, preparatory group)

Golden Meadow Mikhail Prishvin

My brother and I always had fun with them when dandelions ripened. It used to be that we would go somewhere on our business - he was in front, I was at the heel.

“Seryozha!” - I’ll call him in a businesslike manner. He will look back, and I will blow a dandelion right in his face. For this, he begins to watch for me and, like a gape, he also makes a fuss. And so we picked these uninteresting flowers just for fun. But once I managed to make a discovery.

We lived in a village, in front of our window there was a meadow, all golden with many blooming dandelions. It was very beautiful. Everyone said: “Very beautiful! The meadow is golden.” One day I got up early to fish and noticed that the meadow was not golden, but green. When I returned home around noon, the meadow was again all golden. I began to observe. By evening the meadow turned green again. Then I went and found a dandelion, and it turned out that he squeezed his petals, as if your fingers on the side of your palm were yellow and, clenching into a fist, we would close the yellow one. In the morning, when the sun rose, I saw the dandelions opening their palms, and this made the meadow turn golden again.

Since then, dandelion has become one of the most interesting flowers for us, because dandelions went to bed with us children and got up with us.

Round dance of petals. Dmitriev Yuri Dmitrievich

Coltsfoot The snow has just melted, the ground is still bare, and yellow flowers on bare stems have already appeared in the sunny sun: one, two, three... It’s as if small bright light bulbs have lit up and signaled: spring has come! And after some time, leaves will appear on the stems of the plant. They look very ordinary, but when you touch them, it’s such a wonder: one side of the leaves is warm and covered with soft fluff, and the other is smooth and therefore cold. Warm is the mother, cold is the stepmother. And although in life the stepmother is not always cold and unfriendly, the flower was nicknamed the coltsfoot.

Lungwort Early spring. There are almost no flowers to be seen in the forest. Here and there the coltsfoot turns yellow, and the forest coppice turns blue... And suddenly, among the green grass, there are red, blue, and purple flowers. And all on one plant. The plant is called lungwort. It is not difficult to find lungwort - it blooms when there is still little greenery, and therefore is clearly visible. From the very beginning, when the buds just bloom, the flowers of the lungwort are red. Then they turn purple, then blue and even sometimes white. And since there are many flowers on one stalk of the lungwort and they bloom at different times, it turns out: one flower is still red, another has become purple, and the third has already turned white or blue. And it turns out there is a small multi-colored bouquet on one stem. Sweet bouquet. It’s not for nothing that bees fly to this plant; apparently, it’s not for nothing that it’s called lungwort.

Primrose In April, the earth has not yet dried out everywhere, the leaves have just appeared on the trees, and the forest stands in a green transparent haze. And in the clearings among the young grass, golden clusters of primroses - one of the earliest spring flowers - are already sparkling. The clusters hung from a high stem, as if they were bowing to the earth, grass and their wide wrinkled leaves clasping the high stem. Where there are a lot of primroses, from a distance it seems that there is a curly skin in large curls lying on the ground. Like a lamb. Hence another name for the plant - rams. There is also a third thing - keys. This is sometimes called the primrose because its flowers look a little like a bunch of keys. Keys, rams, primrose - there are so many names!

Chistyak In the spring, when there are few flowers, it is not difficult to find the bright yellow stars of the chistyak. Here they are looking out from the green rosettes of leaves. Come closer, take a closer look. Flower petals have small scales like pockets. These pockets contain sweet nectar. Fly here, bees, you won’t regret it! And you don’t even need to invite the goats: while there is little other grass, they happily eat the juicy leaves of the grass. It’s as if they know: soon the grass will ripen, become poisonous, and then the “goat grass” will be inedible.

Lily of the valley In the shade of the trees, among the dense foliage, a flower lurks. Nearby - more, a little further - more. And each has two large oval leaves, and between them, on a high thin stem, are several white bells, as if made of porcelain. This is lily of the valley. You can immediately recognize it by its leaves, flowers, and smell, which cannot be confused with any other. People love lily of the valley very much for this smell and beauty. But lily of the valley is not only a beautiful flower, it is a useful plant: it is used to make medicine that people really need.

Celandine Celandine is a tall, branched plant with golden-yellow flowers and beautifully carved leaves. If you break its stem, an orange “milk”—a drop of juice—will appear on the broken part. It has long been believed that this juice reduces warts and makes diseased skin healthy and clean. So they called the plant celandine. Just don’t check whether this name is correct - it’s dangerous: celandine juice is poisonous. The plant also has another name - “swallow grass”. People have noticed that celandine blooms just at the time when swallows arrive. And it blooms all summer, until their departure. As if it bloomed only for them.

Meadow geranium In meadows, clearings, and on the slopes of ravines you can often find a plant with large palmate leaves and bluish-purple flowers. This is a meadow geranium. It also has another name - crane bird. It’s strange, because neither the geranium itself nor its flowers resemble a crane in any way. Right. But at the end of summer, a small fruit will appear in place of the flowers. It is because of this that the plant received its second name: the fruit has a long shoot, reminiscent of a crane’s beak. The fruit will ripen, the flaps will open, and tiny peas - seeds - will fly in different directions. And where they fall, new plants may grow next year. They will have the same large leaves and bluish-purple flowers. And the fruits will resemble the beak of a crane.

Dandelion You won’t find it anywhere! In meadows and clearings, in roadside ditches and vacant lots, along sidewalks and on railroad tracks between sleepers. That is what it is, the ubiquitous flower - the dandelion. In spring, the lawn, where there are many dandelions, is so bright that it is even a little painful to look at its yellowness. And a month will pass, and it’s already covered with snow. Where yellow flowers grew, white balls now sway. Then the wind blew, and a light cloud immediately rose. These are dandelion seeds that have flown. Both the yellow and white heads of dandelions can be seen until autumn: some dandelions fade, others bloom.

Before bad weather, a yellow flower squeezes its petals and lowers its head. And the white one folds his fluffy parachutes like an umbrella so that the seeds hold on tighter. It’s as if the dandelion knows that the rain will knock the seeds to the ground and prevent them from flying away.

Bluebell Bluebells can be found in a meadow, a clearing, and at the edge of the forest, and often there are so many of these flowers that it seems as if everything is completely covered with a blue or purple carpet. During the day, in sunny weather, the bell raises its flowers. And in cloudy weather or at night, it lowers and protects pollen from rain and dew. This is used by various bugs, small butterflies, and flies. In the evening, when the air becomes humid, or during the day before inclement weather, insects climb into the flower and sit there, as if in a hut. And warm and dry.

Swimsuit The bright yellow hats of the swimsuits glow hotly in the sun. In Siberia, these flowers are called frying flowers for a reason. The petals of the swimsuit are closed, clenched into a fist, and the flower itself is like a bell, it just doesn’t ring. Open up, little one, show me what’s in your fist. The yellow petals trembled, opened, and there, at the bottom, where the stamens were, a tiny orange sun. Kupavka, Kupavka, how beautiful you are! It's just a pity that it's poisonous.

Fireweed (fireweed) People, bees, and plants love it. Bees - for the sweet nectar, for the fact that a lot of honey can be collected from its flowers. Plants - because in the heat it will cover the young shoots from the hot rays of the sun, and in the cold it will warm them (in the thickets of fireweed the air is warmer). Well, people - because he is the first to grow in forest fires. And because you can make a delicious aromatic drink from its leaves. And simply because he is very handsome.

Buttercup This plant looks completely harmless, but in fact it is poisonous, evil, and fierce. That's why people call it buttercup. And scientists call it differently - “ranunculus”, which translated into Russian means “frog”. But the buttercup doesn’t look like a frog at all. And how can a plant look like a frog? See for yourself. The flowers of the buttercup are yellow, the petals are matte on the outside and shiny on the inside, sparkling in the sun. It happens that in the summer you go out onto the lawn, to the bank of a pond or stream and even close your eyes: the whole earth is covered with a bright yellow satin carpet. But still, why was this plant called “frog”? Probably because there are most buttercups in damp places, near swamps and rivers. And where it’s damp, there are frogs. That's the whole secret.

Tansy What are these yellow buttons sewn to a green stem? And not two, not three - a whole bunch. Yes, this is tansy - wild mountain ash! Look how big she is - higher than the fence! You can immediately recognize it by its leaves, similar to rowan leaves, and by the bitter smell of flowers, similar to daisies with torn petals. But the bumblebees are not buzzing over the tansy, the butterflies are not fluttering. The unpleasant smell of the plant drives away insects. That's why cattle don't eat it. But tansy is good as a medicine. And its roots give green dye. And gingerbread cookies become tastier because a little tansy is added to them. It turns out that it is growing not without benefit.

Thistle If you don't believe that a plant can have knives or daggers, spears or pikes, take a look at the thistle. Here he is standing by the fence, all bristled. Stem with thorns. Leaves with thorns. Even the flowers are hard and prickly. He raised his lilac-purple head menacingly. “Come on, try to stick your head in!” Don’t threaten, thistle, calm down, no one needs your knives and daggers, your thorns and needles. Not needed? But that's not true. You can tell what the weather will be like by looking at the thistle needles. If they are not very hard and stick up, it means it will rain. If they are hard, prickly and stick out to the sides, wait for good weather. Well, then it’s better to be prickly.

Plantain Plantain means it grows along the roads. And we often pass by without noticing its glossy leaves pressed to the ground and the long whip sticking out between them. Just think, something unheard of - a plantain! But if someone gets cut, scratched, or rubs their leg while walking or on the road, they immediately think of the plantain. And they start looking for him. And he’s right there, waiting, lurking by the road, and as if he’s saying: “Pluck my leaves, rinse them in water and apply them to the wound - they will soothe the pain and help the wound heal faster.” And the plantain does not deceive - it is not for nothing that it is called the traveler’s friend.

Water lily Among the large, round leaves, like saucers, white water lilies rest on the water - water lilies. Water lilies love the sun so much that they “do not take their eyes off it” all day. In the morning the sun is in the east - and the lilies look east. At noon it is in the south - and the lilies, all as one, turn their heads to the south. A cloud will cover the sun - the lilies will close their petals and become sad. And the sun will set, go beyond the horizon - and the water lilies will be gone. There are only green saucers on the water. Where did the flowers go? They hid in the water. They will sleep underwater until the sun comes out.

Carnation Carnation can often be seen in flower beds in gardens and parks or in greenhouses where it is specially grown. But where did carnations come from in gardens and greenhouses? From the forest, of course. People liked this flower, they began to carefully care for it and developed many new varieties. Garden carnations are, of course, larger and brighter. And yet, anyone who truly loves flowers will never pass by a forest carnation. Be sure to stop and admire the bright star sparkling in the green forest grass. Even if she is smaller and more modest than her garden sisters, this flower is still good!

The tar cracker Perhaps there is no more interesting plant for children than the tar cracker. Its stem is sticky, as if smeared with resin. Pale pink flowers, similar to jugs, hang and sway on the stem. But there are no petals to be seen. White petals hid. Smolovka is afraid of the sun and opens her flowers only at night. And during the day their petals are closed. Some guys like to have fun: they pick a flower, pinch the ends of the petals with their fingers and tap them on the hand or forehead. The jug flower bursts and a pop is heard. And it really looks like a firecracker. But is it worth picking a flower because of this cotton? Think yourself.

Chicory He wakes up at dawn, when many flowers are still sleeping. It opens its blue petals towards the sun - and now the whole flower is like a piece of the sky. Chicory is beautiful, but not very suitable for a bouquet: its stem is large, rough, and hard. Well, maybe you shouldn't pick the chicory. Let its blue flowers decorate vacant lots and roadsides until autumn. Let them help us find out the time and the weather (chicory “falls asleep” in the afternoon, and if its flowers are closed in the morning, wait for the rain). And let those people who need this plant for business collect chicory: after all, powder is made from its roots, which is added to coffee. This plant is even specially grown. Can you imagine how beautiful chicory plantations look? Everything is an azure sea.

Cornflower Golden rye is sprouting in the field. The wind blew, bent the ears of corn to the ground, and the blue heads of cornflowers immediately became visible in the rye. Each flower, like a flower bed, has many individual flowers with beautifully carved jagged edges. Rip, don't be lazy. Cornflower is good for both a wreath and a bouquet. But for rye and wheat it is an enemy, a weed. And the less there is on the field, the better.

Clover In the meadow - as far as the eye can see - red, purple, white cones on thin legs. And under the cones there are leaves, like three green petals. This is clover. You come closer, pick a flower, and you immediately smell something familiar. Well, yes, that’s it, fragrant porridge - that’s what clover is often called, which cows and sheep are very fond of. And not only them. Bumblebees buzz over the porridge and collect sweet juice from the flowers. Having lunch. The whole meadow is like a motley terry tablecloth - green with multi-colored cones. And the smell of honey spreads far.

Yarrow In the middle of summer, in open places where it is especially hot, there are fewer flowers, and the grass often turns yellow and burns out. And only the yarrow stands as if nothing had happened, decorating the meadows and clearings with its pinkish-white flowers and lacy leaves. Each leaf is cut into many segments, as if into thousands of small leaves. For cows, sheep, and goats, juicy yarrow is the most delicious herb at this time. They will never pass by. And the mowers don’t bypass it. And the yarrow stands as if neither the scythe nor the cattle were touching it. Miracle? No, it’s just that very soon a new yarrow will grow in the same place. Yes, it will remain until the autumn frosts. A resistant plant - it is not afraid of heat or cold. And it grows quickly.

Little tales about plants

This can be done right on walks, because there are always plants underfoot that a child must learn from an early age. It will be both informative and interesting. For example, a fairy tale about medicinal plants may well begin with plantain, the first remedy for bruises and bumps, abrasions and scratches. One boy, who recognized this plant and then wrote a fairy tale about plantain, even tried to cure a broken wheel on a toy car with the help of such a green leaf.

And you can continue it about everyone’s favorite chamomile - also a useful plant, but a fairy tale about it usually turns out to be sad. It’s not in vain that people use chamomile petals to tell fortunes about their betrothed – whether he loves or doesn’t love. And the flower is left with one lonely yellow center, which is immediately thrown away. And there was such a cute plant that delighted the eye. A short fairy tale about plants should definitely teach an attitude towards nature.

For schoolchildren

Such an essay is planned for a lesson in the course “The World Around You”. Every student should come up with a fairy tale about a plant (2nd grade). This is not so easy for those who were not read enough books in early childhood, and during walks their parents did not pay attention to the events constantly happening around them. The tale about a cultivated plant is most often similar to the truth.

You can talk about an apple tree, which, thanks to a kind wizard, began to bear fruits of different colors, sizes and tastes. To do this, parents need to take an interest in Michurin’s works themselves, for example. And look at photographs where the same tree grows large, round red apples on one branch, oval yellow apples on another, and pears on a third. Already miracles! Coming up with a fairy tale about a plant is very easy if you are interested in the topic.

Spring

Ushinsky K.D.

The days begin to noticeably increase from the middle of December; and by March 9th it will take half a day. That’s why the beginning of spring is counted from March 9th. In spring, the sun not only stays in the sky longer, but also warms up noticeably more every day.

The snow begins to melt little by little, and water runs in streams from the ground into rivers and lakes. Soon the ice on the rivers will give way to the influence of the sun's rays. Large polynyas appear along the banks of rivers. Another week will pass - and all the ice will rise with the rising water, turn black, begin to break, and loose ice floes will rush down the river. At this time, there is so much water in the river that it cannot fit into the banks: it protrudes and spills over the surrounding meadows. A river flood is called a water field. Another river is so small that in the summer they could ford it; it spills into the water field for five, six miles or more. Our Mother Volga, into which thousands of rivers and rivulets flow, spreads out like a sea in the spring. People rush to take advantage of the short-lived wealth of water, and large barges loaded with goods sail in the spring where chickens almost wander in the summer.

At first, thawed patches appear in the fields, but soon the ground, wet and saturated with water, appears everywhere from under the snow. Another week will pass, then another, and the snow will only remain somewhere in a deep ravine where the sun does not shine. The sky is getting bluer and the air is getting warmer.

Not all the snow has yet melted when new, bright green grass begins to appear here and there, near the old yellowed grass. In the fields where peasants have sowed rye or wheat since the fall, winter crops rise and turn green, like green velvet.

Along with the grass, the first flowers appear. A blue snowdrop emerges from under last year's leaves in the forests. Here and there a yellow dandelion appears, the same one that will eventually put on its fluffy white cap, round like a ball and so light that you just have to blow on it and it will all fly apart.

The trees also awaken from winter sleep and, warmed by the sun, are filled with juices. If you cut through the bark of a birch or maple tree at this time, sweet and fragrant sap will drip from under it.

The leaf buds have been prepared by the tree since autumn. All winter they remained in one position and were barely noticeable; now they begin to quickly fill up, grow, shed their brown husks and unfold into green leaves.

Fluffy flowers, or lambs, appear on the willow. You probably noticed them on the willow branches on Palm Sunday? Then barely noticeable, sticky and fragrant birch leaves appear. Another ten days passed - and the curly, bright green birch tree, with its white, neat trunk, stood decorated as if for a holiday: cheerful, bright, fragrant. Behind the birch, linden, alder, and oak are in a hurry to bloom. The palmate leaves of the maple do not take long to appear. Shrubs and trees in front of each other are in a hurry to dress up for the spring festival. At first, the greenery on the trees seems liquid, because the leaves are still small, and in some places there is still black earth visible through the bright green grass. But the leaves and grass grow quickly, and by May everything will turn green: the groves will again become impenetrable, and the fields will be full of thousands of flowers. In winter, monotony reigns: all the same snow. But in the spring, every day something new appears: then the blue eye of a forget-me-not will peek through; then a fragrant cup of lily of the valley will unfold, but yesterday it was not there; then the white strawberry flowers will sparkle in the greenery, from which juicy, red berries will emerge by the end of spring. Cherries, apple trees, and pears are covered with white and white-pink flowers. Everything celebrates spring, everything blooms and smells fragrant.

Spring does not begin at the same time everywhere. The further south you go, the earlier spring gets. In Crimea, flowers are picked already in February, and in Arkhangelsk you can freeze your nose in April.

Birds, along with spring, appear in abundance. The rooks are the first to arrive and remind us with their screams that spring has begun. They almost always appear around March 9th. But then the lark, rising high in the air, sang its sonorous song. Fast, sharp-winged swallows arrive a little later. Starlings, blackbirds, waders, wild pigeons, and cuckoos appear one after another and inhabit fields, forests and groves that were recently silent.

High in the air, flocks of cranes, wild ducks, geese and swans stretch from south to north. Soon the nightingale will begin her sonorous song. Some of these birds, wild geese, cranes, swans, fly further; others stay with us all summer; those that remain begin to build nests: they rush around, scream, work, collect dry twigs, straw, moss, grass.

Busy ants, colorful butterflies, clumsy beetles, and then unbearable mosquitoes and midges, thousands of the most diverse flying and crawling insects come into the light of God. A hardworking bee, having slept through a long winter in a warm hive, wakes up, leaves its wax cell and flies to collect sweet honey from flowers.

There is noticeably less change in the animal kingdom. Wild animals are rarely seen at all. But you can’t help but see how happy livestock are about spring. After standing in barns for a long winter, horses, cows, and sheep happily run out into the field, and the shepherd doesn’t have to call them out of the house for long with his long pipe.

People are happy about the first snow, but they are also happy about the first flowers. Every season brings its own pleasures and its own worries. Double glazing is taken out in houses; fresh air and bright light rush into the room. Sounds from the street, which could not be heard behind the double glass for six months, are heard loudly. And for the peasants there is so much work to be done! But they are not afraid of work. Over the winter, bread, oats, hay and even straw - everything will be converted: one for food for people, the other for feed for livestock. We need to get to work so that we have something to eat for next fall and winter.

The peasant straightens the cart, adjusts the harrow and plow, and when the earth has warmed up a little and dried out, he goes to the field. He plows, harrows the field and sows spring crops on it, which must be sown and harvested in the same year: oats, buckwheat, barley, millet. In the gardens they dig ridges, plant potatoes, onions, peas, beans, cabbage; they sow hemp, beets, carrots, turnips. In the capitals, wealthy people move to their dachas, where gardeners arrange flower beds, plant and sow flowers. The poor man also rejoices in the spring: thank God - it has become warmer! God's sun shines freely for everyone, equally for everyone; less firewood is needed and the thin dress is more bearable.

Language development

In the old days there was a saying among the Russian people - “tea”. This is not a drink, but a replacement for the concepts “most likely”, “apparently” or “perhaps”. Even from here a fairy tale about a plant can be composed. This, of course, is Ivan-tea. How could a flower that wonderfully decorates all our July fields have such a strange name?

Once upon a time there lived a handsome guy in a village - Ivan. And his shirts were all very beautiful: pink and crimson, scarlet and red. He used to put on his crimson shirt and go out to the edge of the forest for a walk. It can be seen far away among the greenery. That’s why one or another villager said, putting his palm to his forehead: “What is this? Oh, it’s Ivan, tea, walking there again!” Many, many years have passed, both Ivan’s children and grandchildren have become old, and people keep repeating: “What is that there? Ah, Ivan, tea.” Because beautiful crimson flowers have grown everywhere, which people call Ivan-tea. And botanists call this plant fireweed.

Mamushi

Our 5-year-old daughter was assigned to give a short report about houseplants in kindergarten. Now they are studying different flowers, and some of the children were asked to be the teacher's assistants and make such reports for their comrades. I suspect that in fact it was for some commission or for an open lesson :).

We were given materials in kindergarten - two A4 sheets, where the text was clearly copied from some online encyclopedia. Naturally, there was a lot of purely scientific information that children could not remember or understand. I had to adapt and shorten the text. The result was two short stories - about geranium and about cactus.

Geranium

Geranium is a very beautiful plant. It can have white, pink, orange, red and crimson flowers. Geranium flowers grow close together on long stalks without leaves, so from a distance they resemble a colored umbrella. Many geraniums smell pleasant: orange, lemon, apple or rose.

Geranium loves light and should not be kept in a dark room. If a flower is placed in the shade for a long time, it will turn yellow and the leaves will fall off. In summer, geraniums need to be watered well, and in winter they should be kept in a cool place, away from radiators, and should be watered rarely.

Geranium is not only a beautiful, but also a useful plant. She is even called the “ear, nose and throat doctor” because she helps people cope with ear, nose and throat diseases. But mosquitoes, flies and moths, on the contrary, do not like the smell of geranium and fly away.

People have long noticed that geranium fruits look like the long nose of a crane. In different countries, geranium is called differently: stork's nose, crane's nose. And our Russian name “geranium” comes from the Greek “geranos”, which means “crane”. The birthplace of geranium is South Africa.

Cactus

Cacti are very unusual plants. They have a thick, succulent stem and no leaves at all. Or rather, there are leaves, only they have turned into thorns, fluffs or hairs. Cacti can be huge, taller than trees, or they can be small, no larger than a matchbox.

Most cacti bloom very beautifully, but for this they need to be properly cared for. Cacti love light, especially in winter. In hot weather, these plants need to be kept in the shade and the room must be ventilated, because cacti love fresh air. In summer, cacti are constantly watered, and in winter, watering is almost stopped.

It’s very nice to admire cacti, but you can’t touch them with your hands!

We also once came up with riddles about flowers. True, we didn’t talk about geraniums and cacti, but we’ll suggest it in the kindergarten - in case they also study some of these flowers.

Poisonous but useful

Everywhere in vacant lots and near fences you can see lush bushes with bright yellow flowers. In Greek it is chelidonia, and in Russian it is celandine. The plant is very healthy, but you can’t eat it, because you can get poisoned. You can come up with a very interesting tale about this grass, be it short or long. For example, there once lived a young lady. Fair, tall, good-looking, but with a terrible character.

She once offended a hungry old woman and did not allow her to pick a sweet apple in her garden. And she didn’t break off a piece of her pie at her request. The old woman was not evil, but she was fair. “You cannot deceive people with such a beautiful and pure face,” she said, “if the soul is so black and callous!”

Retribution

And immediately the young lady’s entire face and body became covered with sores—acne. And everyone who met along the way turned away to laugh at her ugliness. For a long time she hid in her chambers, but none of the doctors could cure her. The girl cried and gradually realized that now people treated her the way she had treated all people before, but she didn’t know how to correct the situation.

But the old lady returned after some time. In her hands she carried not lilies, not roses, not even poppies, but some kind of grass with small yellow flowers. The young lady warmly welcomed the guest, fed her, gave her something to drink and asked for forgiveness for the past. Then the old woman began to break the stems brought and lubricate the sores with the dark juice that appeared on the broken ends of the plant, saying: “I had a pure soul, so my body became pure!” The girl washed her face and saw that all the sores had disappeared! Since then, this plant has been called celandine, and its seeds were scattered everywhere by a grateful young lady.

Sultry afternoon

Aksakov S.T.

I have always loved and love the heat of our short summer... The sultry afternoon is blazing. Perfect silence. The wide pond, green as a spring meadow, covered with grasses, does not sway, as if sleeping in its sloping banks; the reeds stand motionless.

The mainland and the grass-free channels shine like mirrors; the rest of the water is overgrown with various aquatic plants. Either bright green or dark-colored leaves spread across the water, but their roots go deep into the muddy bottom; white and yellow water lilies, the color of burdocks, simply called pitchers, and red flowers of dark grass protruding above long, cut-out leaves diversify the green carpet covering the surface of the pond.

What a luxury of warmth! What bliss and benefit to the body! How pleasant is the proximity of water and the opportunity to refresh your face and head with it!

The fish is also hot: it seems to be sleepy standing under the shade of the grass. Seeing tasty food, only for a moment it lazily swims out to clean places, pierced by the sun's rays, grabs the prey and hurries under its green canopies.

Marigold

Who hasn’t seen how brightly calendula flowers burn in a flowerbed! But this plant also has its own wonderful history. Once upon a time there happened a cold and dark time on earth, when the winds blew piercingly, and the snowflakes were so sharp that they hurt the skin if the blizzard blew in the face.

And many people caught colds and got sick. The children coughed and it was painful for them to even swallow water or milk. And there was no escape from the cold. There was loud crying everywhere, but spring still did not come.

Conversation with children: “Journey to the world of medicinal plants!”

Branch "Lastochka" MBOU "Zherdevskaya Secondary School No. 2"

Conversation: “Journey into the world of medicinal plants!”

Prepared by:

Art. teacher

Zhabina Lyudmila Anatolyevna

Target:

Introduce children to medicinal plants
Objectives:
- Teach children to listen carefully and answer questions.
— Teach children to draw appropriate conclusions about the importance of plants in the health of their body. — To instill in children a caring attitude towards plants. Preliminary work:
- Conversations about the healing properties of plants and their diversity. - Compiling stories, fairy tales about medicinal plants, memorizing poems, riddles about medicinal plants.

Educator:

Guys, what do you think medicinal plants are?
Answers:
These are plants that are used in the treatment of various diseases.
Educator:
All herbs are healers - oregano, and St. John's wort, and lungwort, and strawberries, and blueberries, and lingonberries with blueberries. Celandine, wormwood, viburnum, flax, calendula, nettle. The forest dwellers know where to find these herbs. This is what they are about for us, They will now tell the story.

Educator:

Guys, do you know that in addition to medications, illnesses can also be treated with other means.
All our diseases can be treated with medicinal herbs and plants. Many of them are familiar to you, they grow next to you. Let us remember what medicinal plants we know. answers
.

Educator:

And now, I propose to remember
the “Rules for collecting medicinal plants”. Children
say: - You can’t collect plants near roads and railways. — You can’t collect plants in damp, wet weather; it’s better to do it during the day, when it’s dry and clear. — You can’t taste plants. — You can’t pick too many plants. — You need to collect medicinal plants for each type separately. — After collecting medicinal plants, you should wash your hands thoroughly.

Educator:

Guys, do you know that many medicinal herbs are added to tea.
At the end of our lesson, you and I will also drink delicious tea. In the meantime, I suggest you listen to your homework assignments. Remember, at home you had to prepare a riddle and a short story about one medicinal plant. Information could be taken from books, the Internet, etc. Child:
- It grows in meadows and fields, It blooms in pink, You can make tea with it. Answer me quickly! What kind of weed? - (blooming Sally). Ivan - tea is a healing plant. It blooms with red, purple, white, pink flowers, the inflorescences are collected in brushes. Tinctures, medicinal decoctions and ointments are prepared from it. This plant is an excellent honey plant.

Child:

White peas, on a green stem, ripen, open, turn into a bell! (lily of the valley) Lily of the valley is a very valuable plant. Its drops are used for heart diseases. Lily of the valley is listed in the Red Book.

Child:

This is a spice and a seasoning, Tea with it was a great success, The guys will guess, Well, of course, it’s... (mint) Mint is added to tea. Peppermint tinctures have analgesic and calming properties. Mint is a real storehouse of medicinal properties. With a pleasant aroma, cooling taste and numerous medicinal properties, mint is one of the most versatile plants in the herbal kingdom. The name "mint" comes from the Greek word "ment", coolness. Cool grass can refresh the air, mouth, and improve digestion.

Child:

What are these strange flowers called Marigolds? So similar to daisies - All in orange shirts. (calendula) Medicines from calendula are used to gargle for sore throat and stomatitis. Calendula is an excellent remedy for coughs; it is also used for burns and bruises.

Child:

A yellow eye from underground, They are the first to give to us. What should we call them correctly, If the earth is like a mother to them? (Coltsfoot) Coltsfoot helps with coughs and is used to improve vision. This plant has both flowers and leaves that are useful.

Physical school

Dandelion, dandelion!
(They squat, then slowly stand up) The stem is thin, like a finger. (Raise their hands up) If the wind is fast, fast (They scatter in different directions. It will fly into the clearing, Everything around will rustle. (They say “sh-sh-sh-sh-sh”) Dandelion stamens. They will fly apart in a round dance. (Hold hands and walk in a circle) And merge with the sky. Educator:
Our guys have also prepared poems about medicinal plants: - Mint treats neuralgia, And beets - hypertension, Strawberries drive away salt, And sage - toothache, - Eat watermelon for nephritis, And lingonberries - for arthritis, To have more strength, Don’t forget about elecampane. - Cranberries will cure cystitis, Radish - cough and bronchitis, Headaches - viburnum, And colds - tea with raspberries. - Treat the liver with rowan, Heart - mint and viburnum, So as not to have diabetes , Eat Jerusalem artichoke all summer. - Cure asthma with hyssop, Bladder - with dill. Wash wounds, ulcers, hemorrhoids with plantain. - If you have swelling - Drink horsetail and flax seed, Smear calluses with celandine, And freckles with grated horseradish. - Don't forget St. John's wort , Drink tea with it more often, Drink rosehip infusion. You will be vigorous and young.
Educator:
And you can also make a delicious salad from medicinal herbs. Here, for example, from dandelion. This is also a medicinal plant that improves the condition of the body. To prepare the salad, we need: - 100 gr. dandelion leaves; — 90 gr. green onions; — 25 gr. parsley; — 15g. vegetable oil; - 1 egg; - salt, vinegar, pepper to taste. Soak dandelion leaves in salted water for 30 minutes, then chop. Combine chopped parsley and green onions with dandelions, season with oil, salt, vinegar, stir, garnish with a boiled egg.

Educator:

There are leaves and flowers on the tables in front of you, I invite you to the tables, you must take one plant each and name this plant.
And on weekends or when you go home, look around, maybe you will see and recognize these plants on the street. Children
take a plant from the tables, smell it, and examine it from all sides.
They give their answers. Educator:
In addition to the plants that we remembered today, there are many other plants that are useful and necessary for all of us.

Asteraceae

Even the stars in the sky heard how hard life was for people. But they couldn’t help, and they didn’t want to. They are far away and they are indifferent. But among them there was one aster (aster is a star) who wanted to help. It fell from the sky and flew down to hit the ground, crumbling into thousands and millions of small pieces that fell straight into the snow - seeds. From this fall, from the terrible noise and roar, even spring woke up.

The seeds sprouted and lit up with wondrous flowers, which were called calendula. Everyone knows that they are from the stellar family, that is, the Asteraceae. And the stars are always so magical that almost all diseases on earth are cured: sore throats, coughs, and wounds. Since then, people have been growing calendula all over the earth and affectionately call these flowers marigolds.

Ecological tales about plants for preschool children

Elena Barkalova

Ecological tales about plants for preschool children

Ecological tales about plants

Why is the earth's dress green?

A. Lopatina

What's the greenest thing on earth? — a little girl once asked her mother.

“Grass and trees, daughter,” mother answered.

- Why did they choose green and not some other color?

This time my mother thought about it, and then said :

— The Creator asked the sorceress Nature to sew a dress in the color of faith and hope for his beloved Earth, and Nature gave the Earth a green dress. Since then, a green carpet of fragrant herbs, plants and trees gives birth to hope and faith in a person’s heart, making it purer.

- But by autumn the grass dries out and the leaves fall off.

Mom thought again for a long time, and then asked:

“Did you sleep sweetly in your soft bed today, daughter?”

The girl looked at her mother in surprise:

“I slept well, but what does my bed have to do with it?”

- Flowers and herbs sleep in the fields and forests under a soft fluffy blanket just as sweetly as you do in your crib. Trees rest to gain new strength and delight the hearts of people with new hopes. And so that we don’t forget during the long winter that the Earth has a green dress, and don’t lose our hopes , the Christmas tree and the pine tree are our joy and turn green in winter.

Who decorates the earth

A. Lopatina

A long time ago, our Earth was a deserted and hot celestial body; there was no vegetation , no water, or those beautiful colors that decorate it so much. And then one day God decided to revive the earth, he scattered a countless number of seeds of life all over the earth and asked the Sun to warm them with his warmth and light, and the Water to give them life-giving moisture.

The sun began to warm the Earth and water, but the seeds did not sprout. It turned out that they did not want to grow gray , because only gray monochromatic soil spread around them, and there were no other colors. Then God commanded a multi-colored Rainbow-arc to rise above the earth and decorate it.

Since then, the Rainbow Arc appears every time the sun shines through the rain. She stands above the ground and looks to see if the Earth is beautifully decorated.

Here are clearings in the forest. They look alike, like twin sisters. They are sisters. Everyone has one forest-father, everyone has one mother earth. The Polyana sisters put on colored dresses every spring, show off in them, and ask:

- Am I the whitest in the world?

- All blush?

- Bluer?

The first clearing is all white with daisies.

In the second, sunny meadow, small carnation stars with red sparks in the centers bloomed, and the whole meadow became blush pink. On the third, surrounded by old spruce trees, forget-me-nots bloomed and the clearing became blue. The fourth is lilac with bells.

And suddenly Rainbow Arc sees black fire wounds, gray trampled spots, torn holes. Someone tore, burned, and trampled the multi-colored dress of the Earth.

The Rainbow Arc asks the heavenly beauty, the golden sun, the clean rains to help the earth heal its wounds, to sew a new dress for the earth. Then the Sun sends golden smiles to the earth. The sky sends blue smiles to the Earth. The rainbow arc gives the Earth smiles of all colors of joy. And Heavenly Beauty turns all these smiles into flowers and herbs. She walks the Earth and decorates the Earth with flowers.

Multi-colored meadows, meadows and gardens begin to smile at people again. These are the blue smiles of forget-me-nots - for true memory. These are the golden smiles of dandelions - for happiness. Red smiles of carnations are for joy. Lilac smiles of bluebells and meadow geraniums are for love. Every morning the Earth meets people and extends all its smiles to them. Take it people.

Mighty Blade of Grass

M. Skrebtsova

One day the trees began to spare the grass:

- We feel sorry for you, little grass. There is no one lower than you in the forest. Everyone is trampling on you. They got used to your softness and pliability and stopped noticing you completely. For example, everyone counts with us: people, animals, and birds. We are proud and tall. You too, grass, need to reach up.

The grass answers them proudly:

“I don’t need pity, dear trees.” Even though I am not tall enough, I am of great use. When they walk on me, I just rejoice. That's why I have grass, to cover the ground: it's more comfortable to walk on a green mat than on bare ground. If someone gets caught in the rain on the way, and the paths and roads turn into mud, you can wipe your feet on me like a clean towel. I am always clean and fresh after the rain. And in the morning, when there is dew on me, I can even wash myself with grass.

Besides, trees, I only look weak. Look at me carefully. They crushed me, trampled me, but I was intact. It’s not like a person, a cow or a horse walks on me, and they weigh quite a lot - four or even five centners - but I don’t care. Even a multi-ton car can pass over me, but I’m still alive. Of course, the pressure on me is incredible, but I endure. Little by little I straighten up and sway again, as before. You trees, although tall, often cannot withstand hurricanes, but I, weak and low, don’t care about hurricanes.

The trees are silent, the grass has nothing to say , and she continues:

“If it’s my destiny to be born where people decided to lay a path, I still don’t die.” They trample me day after day, press me into the mud with their feet and wheels, and I again reach out with new shoots towards light and warmth. Ant grass and plantain even like to settle right on the roads. It’s as if they’ve been testing their strength all their lives, and they don’t give up yet.

The trees exclaimed:

- Yes, little grass, you have Herculean strength hidden in you.

Mighty Oak says:

“I remember now how the city birds told how you break through thick asphalt in the city.” I didn’t believe them then, I laughed. And no wonder: people use crowbars and jackhammers to manage this thickness, and you’re so tiny.

The grass exclaimed joyfully:

- Yes, oak, breaking asphalt is not a problem for us. Newly born dandelion sprouts in cities often swell and tear the asphalt.

The birch tree, which had been silent until now, said:

- I, little grass, never considered you worthless. I have admired your beauty for a long time. We trees have only one face, but you have many faces. You won’t see anyone in the clearing: sunny daisies, red flowers of carnations, golden tansy buttons, delicate bells, and cheerful fireweed. A forester I know told me that there are about 20 thousand different species of grasses in our country, but smaller trees and shrubs - only two thousand.

Here a hare unexpectedly intervened in the conversation and led her bunnies into a forest clearing:

- From us, hares, grass, low bow to you too. I had no idea that you were so strong, but I always knew that you were the most useful of all. For us, you are the best treat, juicy and nutritious. Many wild animals will prefer you to any other food. The giant elk himself bows his head to you. People won't live a day without you. They specially raise you in fields and vegetable gardens. After all, wheat, rye, corn, rice and various vegetables are also herbs. And you have so many vitamins that you can’t count them!

Then something rustled in the bushes, and the hare and her cubs quickly hid, and just in time, because a thin red fox ran out into the clearing. She began to hastily bite the green blades of grass.

- Fox, you are a predator, have you really started to eat grass? - the trees asked in surprise.

- Not to eat, but to be treated. Animals are always treated with grass. Don't you know? - answered the fox.

“Not only animals, people are also treated by me for various diseases,” explained the grass. — One grandmother-herbalist said that herbs are a pharmacy with the most precious medicines.

“Yes, grass, you know how to heal, in this you are like us,” the pine tree entered the conversation.

“In fact, dear pine tree, this is not the only way I resemble trees.” Since we have such a conversation, I will tell you the ancient secret of our origin,” the grass said . tell anyone about this . So listen: before, grasses were trees, but not simple ones, but powerful ones. This happened millions of years ago. The mighty giants had to endure many trials during this time. Those of them that found themselves in the most difficult conditions became smaller and smaller until they turned into grass. So it's no surprise that I'm so strong.

Here the trees began to look for similarities between each other and the grass. Everyone is noisy and interrupting each other. They got tired and finally quieted down.

Then the grass tells them:

“You shouldn’t feel sorry for someone who doesn’t need pity, right, dear trees?”

And all the trees immediately agreed with her.

The story of one Christmas tree

Ecological fairy tale

This story is sad, but it was told to me by old Aspen , which grows on the edge of the forest . Well, let's begin.

Once upon a time, a Christmas tree grew up in our forest, she was small, defenseless and everyone took care of her: large trees protected her from the wind, birds pecked at the black furry caterpillars, the rain watered her, the breeze blew in the heat. Everyone loved Yolochka, and she was kind and affectionate. No one could hide the little bunnies better than her from an evil wolf or a cunning fox. All animals and birds were treated with its fragrant resin.

Time passed, our Christmas tree grew up and became so beautiful that birds from neighboring forests flew in to admire it. There has never been such a beautiful slender and fluffy Christmas tree in the forest! The Christmas tree knew about its beauty, but was not at all proud, it was still the same, sweet and kind.

The New Year was approaching, it was a troublesome time for the forest, because how many beautiful forest Christmas trees faced the sad fate of falling under the ax. One day two magpies flew in and began to chirp that a man was walking through the forest looking for the most beautiful tree. Our Christmas tree began to call the person, waving its fluffy branches, trying to attract his attention. Poor thing, she didn’t know why he needed the tree. She thought that he, like everyone else, wanted to admire her beauty, and the man noticed the Christmas tree.

“Stupid, stupid,” old Aspen shook its branches and creaked, “hide, hide!”

Never before had he seen such a beautiful, slender and fluffy Christmas tree. “Good, just what you need!”

-
said the man and ...
He began to chop the thin trunk with an axe. The Christmas tree screamed in pain, but it was too late, and she fell into the snow. Surprise and fear were her last feelings! When a man roughly pulled the Christmas tree by the trunk, tender green branches broke off and scattered the Christmas tree's trail in the snow. A terrible ugly stump is all that remains of the Christmas tree in the forest.

This is the story the old creaky Aspen told me...

The Tale of the Little Cedar

Ecological fairy tale

I want to tell you an interesting tale that I heard in the forest while picking mushrooms.

One day in the taiga two squirrels got into a fight over a pine cone and dropped it.

When the cone fell, a nut fell out of it. He fell into the soft and fragrant pine needles. The nut lay there for a long time and then one day it turned into a cedar sprout. He was proud and thought that he had learned a lot during the time that he lay in the ground. But the old fern, which grew nearby, explained to him that he was still very small. And he pointed to the tall cedars.

“You will be the same and live another three hundred years.”

!
- said the fern to the cedar sprout.
And the cedar began to listen to the fern and learn from it. Kedrenok learned a lot of interesting things over the summer. I stopped being afraid of the hare, which often ran past. I rejoiced at the sun, which looked through the huge paws of pines and large cedars. But one day a terrible incident happened. One morning, Kedrenok saw that all the birds and animals were running past him. They were terribly frightened by something. It seemed to Kedrenk that now he would definitely be trampled, but he did not know that the worst was yet to come. Soon white choking smoke appeared. Fern explained to Kedrenk that this is a forest fire that kills everything in its path.

“Will I never grow up to be a big cedar ?”

? - thought Kedrenok.

And now red tongues of fire were already close, crawling through the grass and trees, leaving behind only black coals. It's already getting hot! Kedrenok began to say goodbye to the fern, when suddenly he heard a loud buzzing and saw a huge bird in the sky. It was a rescue helicopter. Water started pouring out of the helicopter at the same moment.

"We are saved"

! – Kedrenok was delighted. Indeed, the water stopped the fire. The cedar tree was not injured, but one branch of the fern was scorched.

In the evening Kedrenok asked the fern, “where did this terrible fire come from?”

Fern explained to him that this disaster happens due to the carelessness of people who come to the forest to pick mushrooms and berries. People light a fire in the forest and leave embers, which then flare up in the wind.

"How so"

?
– the little cedar was surprised. “After all, the forest feeds them, treats them with berries and mushrooms, but they destroy it
.

“When every person thinks about this, then maybe there will be no fires in our forests,” said the old and wise fern.

“In the meantime, we have only one hope that we will be rescued in time.”

And when I heard this fairy tale , I really wanted all people to take care of nature, which treats them with its gifts. And I hope that the main character of my fairy tale “Kedrenok”
will grow up to be a big cedar and live three hundred, and maybe more years!

Field and forest plants

Around every city, even the largest city, there are always fields and forests, it just takes a long time to get to them. That’s why people love city parks so much, where almost all plants gather, for which only a forest or field can be considered a home. When parents take their baby for a walk, his attention needs to be paid to literally all manifestations of life: what the weather is like, where the breeze is blowing from, where the sun warms better, why shadow is formed, where grasshoppers live, when butterflies appear, and so on. Only under such conditions will the child’s imagination develop, and by the second grade of school he will be able to independently compose fairy tales about plants and animals.

For example, any clearing in the park can be presented to a child as magical. Smart and talking plants grow on any of them. They even know how to play ball using a drop of dew, and the wind blows it from bluebell to chamomile, from yarrow to St. John's wort. Living in the clearing is both interesting and fun for them. The paths are always framed by dandelions and plantains, which suffer more than others from careless running around, but they cannot be completely trampled. There would be many interesting tales about their vitality.

Fairy tale for children

AZALEA AND WHITE CAT

In one big city there lived a kind woman. Her name was Maria. Her children grew up and moved away. But she had a cat of amazing beauty - white, fluffy, with huge blue eyes and pink ears. “What a handsome man!” - everyone admired. The cat allowed his silky fur to be stroked, he nodded his head and purred, contentedly: “Pur, pur, pur, you speak correctly.” Yes, the cat in Maria's house was the center of attention. But suddenly everything changed.

It was Christmas Eve, and Maria, having decided to decorate her house, went to the flower shop. There were all sorts of flowers here: multi-colored chrysanthemums, lush begonias, delicate impatiens cyclamens and snow-white gardenias were beautiful, but Mary’s eyes settled on azaleas. “Which one should I choose? White or purple, or maybe pink, with a white border around the edge of the petals? Finally, Maria chose a fluffy pink Azalea with many delicate buds.

They packed the azalea and explained to Maria that this flower loves moisture, bright light and coolness, and can bloom for a very long time. Maria, thanking the owner of the flower shop, happily hurried home.

The pink beauty Azalea illuminated everything around with a gentle, joyful light and, looking at her, I wanted to smile. Friends who came to visit could not take their eyes off her. And they seemed to have completely forgotten about the white cat...

“What injustice,” the offended handsome man grumbled to himself. And when one of Maria’s friends, an old artist, decided to draw a miracle flower, the cat, out of anger, tore a piece of wallpaper from the wall and was punished. Maria threatened that next time she would cut off his claws for such a trick. The cat hid offendedly behind the sofa and did not show itself to Maria for a long time.

But Maria did not forget about her pet cat. It’s just that there had never been such a miracle in her house before, and she tried her best to prolong its flowering. Maria’s care bore fruit, and every week Azalea delighted her hostess with new blooming flowers.

The cat became more and more gloomy. "Who is she? Just a plant. When all her flowers wither, what will remain of her beauty? Nothing,” he reasoned angrily.

One day the cat almost bit off the Azalea flowers. On this day, Maria gently whispered about something to the flower, and then opened the window so that the flower could breathe fresh air. The cat could not stand the winter cold, and a gust of cold wind drove him crazy. “I’m not going to catch a cold because of this princess,” thought the cat, and in one jump he found himself near Azalea. At that moment Maria entered the room. The cat instantly ducked under the sofa. Maria didn’t even have time to notice him. However, the sight of Azalea cowering alarmed her. “I probably over-cooled it,” Maria thought and closed the window. She carefully examined the flower, but Azalea quickly came to her senses, and Maria calmed down.

The cat, watching this scene from under the sofa, was surprised: “But she’s not a sneak! She didn’t give me away, she didn’t complain!”

The next day, when the sun smiled welcomingly at Azalea, a large sunbeam slid along the wall and stopped right above the shelf with ceramic pots. The white cat considered himself the smartest cat in the world, but could not understand that a sunbeam is just a reflection of a sunbeam. Obsessed with the desire to deal with the sunbeam at any cost, he completely forgot about his venerable age and jumped all over the room like a little kitten. And now, he instantly jumped onto the table, then onto the shelf and touched one of the most beautiful pots with his fluffy tail. The pot fell and broke into pieces. The frightened cat was confused, but suddenly heard a gentle voice:

- Hurry up, hide behind my green back!

Azalea watched this whole scene, and she felt sorry for the good-for-nothing handsome man from the bottom of her heart. The cat rushed with all his cat's paws to the flower and hid behind its fluffy branches strewn with flowers. The azalea had grown so much that the cat was completely invisible behind it.

Maria came running at the noise. Not seeing anyone except Azalea, she thought that the wind that blew sharply through the open window was to blame.

When Maria left, the white cat said to Azalea:

“You are the kindest Azalea in the world.” Probably because of your kindness, your flowers do not wither for a long time. Please forgive me.

From that day on, the white cat became friends with the beautiful Azalea and protected her as best he could. Azalea was happy - she had acquired a faithful friend, and what could be more beautiful than this?

Questions and tasks for the fairy tale:

Show children photographs or drawings of azaleas. How do you think azalea differs from other plants? Describe her.

Why do you think Mary liked the azalea the most of all the flowers?

Have you ever come across a houseplant that made you happy?

Do you think the azalea was happy when Mary bought it? Can plants be happy or, conversely, sad about their fate?

Draw an azalea from a fairy tale. What was her character like? What has changed in the white cat thanks to this wonderful plant?

Do you think houseplants and pets can really be friends? Which pets prefer which houseplants and why? Write short stories on this topic.

Teach children about azaleas and how they are grown indoors. Keep a notebook on houseplants and write down basic information about azaleas.

Are only flowering plants attractive? Are there any indoor plants that look beautiful even when they are not blooming?

Forget-me-not

Parents base most children's stories for school lessons on ancient legends, epics, and even songs. For example, the fact that the name of the forget-me-not flower from all languages of the Earth, including Japanese and Arabic, is translated the same way (“don’t forget me!”) will definitely arouse children’s interest. Here you can retell the ancient Greek myth about the appearance of this plant, and even then your own story may well appear.

The touching name of forget-me-not already predisposes you to write. For example, a man leaves for war and asks his family not to forget him. And he picks a little blue flower, which will lie among the pages of his favorite book until his return. And if the person does not return, the forget-me-not will turn into tears, because every clearing, every woodland, every meadow will remind of this person.

Bell

Bells are also called the same in all languages, only the words sound differently, but the meaning remains the same. There is a legend that the church bell appeared in Italy in 1500 not by accident. Its prototype is a flower that the bishop of Campania (an Italian province) liked so much that he even seemed to hear the ringing. Returning from a walk, he ordered a copper bell.

This story may well become the basis for a fairy tale about plants. Like, for example, a bell calls everyone to a council to help children lost in the forest. You can also compose a fairy tale about a coachman freezing in the steppe, who saw blue flowers in a dream and realized that he needed to tie ringing bells to his horse harness, then you wouldn’t get lost or go astray even in a snowstorm. Fairy tales about plants for children are very important. They need to be told so that the child understands how the story is built.

Yablonka

A fairy tale about plants should be life-affirming. For example, about a young apple tree that bloomed for the first time. Oh, what beautiful flowers she has! In this snow-white and pinkish veil, she is the spitting image of a bride! The apple tree is happy, even a little proud, although all the plants around are blooming and smelling, since spring is such a time of year. But the apple tree is now the most beautiful of all. And suddenly! What kind of misfortune is this? The breeze blew and carried away the petal. Then another one, and another!

And so the apple tree litters the last of its curls and cries. What peduncles have become inconspicuous... Gray, large, ugly nodules... But time went on and on. The apple tree, of course, did not forget the lost outfit, but life took its toll, and every day something on the branches became so heavy that it even became difficult to hold. It turns out that these are fruits! They grew large, glossy, and bright by autumn. And how joyfully people looked at this tree, decorated with fruits! And even when the apples were collected, and the branches felt light again, even when the last leaves of the apple tree had fallen, she was no longer upset, because she understood: spring would come soon, she would put on a snow-white veil again, then the apples would ripen red... Everything would be fine -sho!

How a shirt grew in a field

Ushinsky K.D.

Tanya saw her father scattering handfuls of small shiny grains across the field, and asked:

- What are you doing, father?

- But I’m sowing flax, daughter; a shirt will grow for you and Vasyutka.

Tanya thought: she had never seen shirts growing in a field.

About two weeks later the strip was covered with green silky grass and Tanya thought: “It would be nice if I had a shirt like that.”

Once or twice Tanya’s mother and sisters came to weed the strip and each time they said to the girl:

- You will have a nice shirt!

A few more weeks passed: the grass on the strip rose, and blue flowers appeared on it. “Brother Vasya has such eyes,” Tanya thought, “but I’ve never seen such shirts on anyone.”

When the flowers fell, green heads appeared in their place. When the heads turned brown and dried out, Tanya’s mother and sisters pulled out all the flax by the roots, tied sheaves and put them in the field to dry.

When the flax dried out, they began to cut off its heads, and then they sank the headless bunches in the river and piled another stone on top so that they would not float up.

Tanya watched sadly as her shirt was drowned; and the sisters then told her again:

- You have a nice shirt, Tanya.

About two weeks later, they took the flax out of the river, dried it and began to beat it, first with a board on the threshing floor, then with a whip in the yard, so that the poor flax sent fire flying in all directions. Having frayed, they began to comb the flax with an iron comb until it became soft and silky.

“You’ll have a nice shirt,” the sisters said to Tanya again. But Tanya thought: “Where is the shirt? It looks like Vasya’s hairs, not a shirt.”

Ill

The long winter evenings have arrived. Tanya's sisters put flax on their combs and began to spin threads from it. “These are threads,” Tanya thinks, “but where is the shirt?”

Winter, spring and summer have passed, autumn has come. The father installed crosses in the hut, pulled the warp over them and began to weave. The shuttle ran quickly between the threads, and then Tanya herself saw that canvas was coming out of the threads.

When the canvas was ready, they began to freeze it in the cold, spread it on the snow, and in the spring they spread it on the grass, in the sun, and sprinkled it with water. The canvas turned from gray to white, like boiling water.

Winter has come again. The mother cut shirts from canvas; The sisters began to sew shirts and for Christmas they put new shirts, white as snow, on Tanya and Vasya.

Start

Plants in legends and tales of Rus'

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