SANPIN REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANIZING A WALKconsultation

The recommended duration of daily walks is in dou

Vending machines.

For additional food, you can install vending machines for selling finished products. They can sell juices, nectars, sterilized milk, drinking water, nuts other than peanuts, dried fruits and flour products in separate packaging. Products must have quality certificates and comply with storage conditions and periods. Vending machines need to be washed and disinfected when they become dirty, but at least twice a month.

Children's duty.

Children may be allowed to be on duty in the kitchen: peeling and cutting raw vegetables, slicing bread, setting and cleaning the table, washing dishes under adult supervision. Children should wear aprons and hats when working in the kitchen.

More prohibited products.

The list of prohibited products has been expanded. It contains all the products from the old list, as well as concentrated diffusion juices, dishes made from (or based on) dry food concentrates, including instant food, potato and corn chips, snacks, curd cheeses, milk and milk drinks sterilized less than 2, 5% or more 3.5% fat content; fermented milk drinks with less than 2.5% and more than 3.5% fat content, ready-made culinary dishes not included in the current menu, sold through buffets.

The daily routine includes:

The duration of continuous direct educational activity for children of the 4th year of life is no more than 15 minutes, for children of the 5th year of life - no more than 20 minutes, for children of the 6th year of life - no more than 25 minutes, and for children of the 7th year of life years of life - no more than 30 minutes. The maximum permissible amount of educational load in the first half of the day in the junior and middle groups does not exceed 30 and 40 minutes, respectively, and in the senior and preparatory groups 45 minutes and 1.5 hours, respectively. In the middle of the time allotted for continuous educational activities, a physical education session is held. Breaks between classes are at least 10 minutes.

Direct educational activities with children of senior preschool age can be carried out in the afternoon after naps, but not more than 2-3 times a week. Its duration is no more than 25 - 30 minutes a day. Direct educational activities on the physical development of children aged 3 to 7 years are organized at least 3 times a week.

• in the younger group - 15 minutes,
• in the middle group - 20 minutes,
• in the senior group - 25 minutes,
• in the preparatory group - 30 minutes.

Children of preschool age who do not have contraindications for health reasons are allowed to go on walks and excursions.

When conducting walks and excursions, it is necessary to follow the rules of behavior, established modes of movement and rest.

A group of pupils must be accompanied by two adults and must have a first aid kit with a set of necessary medications and dressings.

Participants of a walk or excursion must wear comfortable clothes and shoes that do not restrict movement and are appropriate for the season and weather. To prevent injuries and bites to your feet, wear pants or stockings.

Maintain discipline and follow all instructions from the manager.

The total duration of the walk and excursion is 1-3 hours.

During rest stops, to avoid burns and forest fires, do not light fires.

Do not taste any plants, fruits or mushrooms.

Do not touch poisonous and dangerous animals, reptiles, insects, plants and mushrooms, as well as thorny plants and shrubs with your hands.

When moving, do not take off your shoes and do not walk barefoot.

To avoid infection with gastrointestinal diseases, do not drink water from open, untested reservoirs; use drinking water, which you must take with you, or boiled water. Observe the rules of personal hygiene, promptly inform the leader of the walk or excursion about deteriorating health or injuries.

Respect local traditions and customs, take care of nature, historical and cultural monuments, personal and group property.

At the end of the walk or excursion, you must check the list of students in the group.

1. Sychev, Pavel Predators. Theory and practice of raider attacks / Pavel Sychev. - M.: Alpina Publisher, 2011. - 184 p.
2. Matskevich, I.M. Organization of scientific activities and implementation of scientific work in jurisprudence. Scientific and practical manual / I.M. Matskevich. - M.: Prospekt, 2022. - 915 p.
3. General theory of state and law. Academic course in 3 volumes. Volume 2. - Moscow: Mir, 2002. - 528 p.
4. Matuzov, N.I. Theory of State and Law / N.I. Matuzov, A.V. Malko. - M.: Publishing house "Delo" RANEPA, 2011. - 528 p.
5. Scientific and practical commentary to the Federal Law of May 31, 2002 No. 63-FZ “On advocacy and the legal profession in the Russian Federation” (article-by-article); Yurkompani - M., 2012. - 520 p.

Norms for walks in children. gardens

The duration of a walk in kindergarten is at least 3–4 hours a day. Time may vary depending on weather conditions or is divided into 2 walks.

Meals in kindergarten are organized depending on the time spent in the group. If the child is in the garden full day (10 - 12 hours), he needs to be fed every 3 - 4 hours. For pupils of short-stay groups (no more than 5 hours), one meal is provided.

Preschool teachers should conduct developmental activities with children. SanPiN fixes their duration. The duration of classes depends on the age of the children.

To improve the health of minors, physical education lessons should be conducted during the day in kindergarten. They include a massage and a list of exercises. The duration of morning exercises depends on the age of the child.

Physical education lessons are held 3 – 4 times a week. For minors from 5 to 7 years old, one lesson must be held outside.

The duration of gymnastics depends on the age of the children and coincides with the time of continuous classes. Additionally, as part of the recovery, it is possible to organize hardening lessons.

The food unit in a kindergarten should be located in a separate room. All equipment is subject to mandatory labeling.

Washing dishes in kindergarten is a process that, according to SanPiN, is regulated in as much detail as possible. After cleaning the dishes from food residues, the items are washed in two sinks, without using detergents, dried and stored on special racks at a height of 35 cm from the floor. Metal utensils must be additionally calcined in the oven.

Dishes for children and for staff are stored separately.

Particular attention is paid to the drinking regime in preschool educational institutions. Water must meet safety requirements and be bottled. The specified storage period must be observed. In extreme cases, it can be boiled. But its shelf life is no more than 3 hours.

Sanitary norms and rules provide for regular treatment of premises against mold. For this purpose, all walls in rooms with high humidity are covered with tiles.

SanPiN even stipulate the color of the walls in preschool educational institutions. On the north side there are warm colors, on the south side there are cold colors.

Each group is equipped with individual compartments for children’s outerwear and a place for parents’ clothing. The nursery has an additional space for breastfeeding and a changing table.

SanPiN sets standards for the size of high chairs for children depending on their age category. Furniture is subject to mandatory marking.

SANPIN REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANIZING A WALKconsultation

SANPIN REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANIZING A WALK

It is perhaps difficult to overestimate the importance of a walk in kindergarten. During a walk, children move actively, breathe fresh air, learn about the world around them, and get accustomed to work. All this is beneficial for the health, physical and mental development of children.

Sanitary standards (SanPiN dated May 15, 2013 N 26 ABOUT APPROVAL SANPIN 2.4.1.3049-13 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the design, maintenance and organization of work in preschool organizations) determine that the daily duration of children’s walks is at least 3-4 hours.

The walk is organized 2 times a day: in the first half - before lunch and in the second half - after a nap or before the children go home. When the air temperature is below -15°C and the wind speed is more than 7 m/s, the duration of the walk is reduced. The walk is not carried out at an air temperature below -15 ° C and a wind speed of more than 15 m/s for children under 4 years old, and for children 5–7 years old - at an air temperature below minus 20 ° C and a wind speed of more than 15 m/s;

During the walk, pupils are provided with physical activity and reasonable clothing depending on weather conditions, including in winter.

The reason for a child’s frequent illness cannot be directly dependent on the activities carried out in kindergarten. On the contrary, the kindergarten implements physical education and health activities aimed at strengthening the health of each child.

Requirements for equipping the kindergarten territory:

1. It is necessary to inspect the areas every day before the walk: all equipment on the site must be in good condition (without sharp protrusions of corners, nails, roughness and protruding bolts), small play forms, physical education aids, etc. must meet the age of the children and the requirements of SanPiN; 2. Outdoor and didactic material for children’s games must correspond to the autumn-winter period. Toys must be hygienic, not broken, for different types of play activities, allowing the physical load to be balanced in accordance with the season of the year and the age of the children; 3. Kindergarten fences should not have holes or openings to prevent the entry of stray dogs and unauthorized leaving of children; 4. Pits on the territory must be filled in, wells must be covered with heavy lids; 5. If dangerous and suspicious objects are found at the site, immediately inform the administration (security guard), and take the children to another site or premises; 6. The kindergarten gates must be locked; 7. If a child leaves without authorization, immediately send an employee to look for him and report the incident to the nearest police station; 8. The requirements for the manufacture of snow structures (slides, slides, snow tracks, etc.) must be met.

When organizing walks in the autumn - winter period, you should: 1. Dress children in accordance with temperature conditions, avoid: - frostbite, hypothermia or overheating of the child’s body; — getting children's clothes and shoes wet; 2. Protect children from exposure to the following dangerous factors characteristic of the autumn-winter period: - injuries during games on areas that are not cleared of snow and ice; — injuries from icicles falling from roofs, hanging blocks of snow during the thaw period; - falling from a slide, in cases where the teacher does not have insurance (provide control and direct insurance by the teacher while sliding down a slide, climbing, jumping from a hill, sports equipment, throwing); - injury: from metal or wooden stands of objects sticking out of the ground, low stumps on areas for outdoor games, injections from broken glass, dry branches, twigs on trees, bushes, splinters from sticks, boards, wooden toys, etc.; — injuries to the legs of pupils: in the presence of holes and potholes in the area, when jumping from stationary equipment without the teacher’s insurance; — injuries when sliding on an ice path; — when organizing the work of preschool children; - injuries, bruises during games with sports elements; - injuries, bruises during games on a wet and slippery surface; - injuries, bruises when sliding down ice slides, on sleds, while moving in icy conditions on slippery paths, external steps, areas not cleared of snow, ice and not sprinkled with sand; — injuries from touching metal structures with exposed parts of the body (face, hands, tongue, lips) on a frosty day; Avoid: - infection with gastrointestinal diseases, acute respiratory infections, if the child puts dirty and cold snow or icicles in his mouth. - clear the roofs of all buildings from snow, sprinkle icicles with sand.

Each teacher and all substitute teachers must teach children to recognize dangerous situations in illustrations and explain to children. Agree with the head nurse and manager about the possibility of going for a walk depending on the weather conditions and air temperature. The teacher must inspect the clothes and shoes of the pupils for compliance with weather conditions. Children should always be provided with spare things in case of bad weather, which parents bring in advance for this purpose;

Safety requirements while walking

1. It is not allowed to organize walks, work in one play area at the same time for 2 groups of pupils, the presence of parents on an evening walk 2. The teacher provides supervision, control over the calm exit of pupils from the premises and descent from the porch, do not run, do not push, when descending and ascending to the 2nd floor, hold onto the railings, do not carry large toys and objects in front of you that block the view of the path, etc. Additional safety requirements during a walk in winter: 1. Ensure control and direct insurance by the teacher of pupils while sliding on ice paths, riding sledding; 2. Make sure that when sledding, the next child waits patiently until the child sliding in front of him reaches the end of the ramp or slide; 3. When sledding down a hill, do not allow children to sit with their backs to the slope; 4. Make sure that children do not put dirty snow or icicles in their mouths; 5. If frost and wind become stronger, take children to the kindergarten premises;

Safety requirements in situations while walking:

1. All employees temporarily replacing the teacher in the group take on the functions of rescuing children. 2. If unforeseen situations arise, it is necessary to: - ensure the safety of children; — make sure there is no dangerous situation; — inform the administration about the incident, provide first aid in case of an accident; — notify the rescue service by phone if the situation requires it.

Safety requirements at the end of the walk

1. Organize a calm entry of pupils into the kindergarten premises (1st subgroup passes and undresses under the supervision of an assistant teacher, 2nd - under the supervision of a teacher). 2. Clean students’ outer clothing and shoes from snow, dirt, and sand. 3. Check how the students put their clothes in the lockers. If necessary, change the pupils into dry clothes and underwear. 4. Organize hygiene procedures: visiting the toilet, washing hands with soap. 5. Ensure drying of wet clothes and shoes after rain or in winter.

Types of walks in kindergarten

1. At the venue:

• on the territory of the kindergarten;

• outside the territory of the kindergarten (possible in older groups, over short distances).

2. By content:

• traditional, which includes children’s work activities (cleaning up leaves, snow, etc.), active and quiet games, etc.;

• thematic: consisting of observations and conversations on a specific topic (animals, clouds, trees, city transport, etc.), can be a street theater performance, a quest with overcoming simple obstacles - requires a pre-prepared script;

• targeted: organized exit outside the territory of the kindergarten, over a short distance (up to 2 km);

• excursion (usually a museum tour): once a month, starting from the middle group;

• hike: can be carried out 1-2 times a year in older groups.

SanPiN for preschool educational institutions as amended for 2022

Hygiene requirements for personnel include strict conditions that must be met:

• Each employee must have at least 3 sets of spare clothes.
• Personal clothing must be clean, nails must be cut short, outerwear and shoes must be stored in the staff room.
• Smoking, wearing earrings and rings is prohibited.
• Teachers and nannies must wear light-colored coats.
• Each employee is required to undergo a medical examination in a timely manner.
• Kitchen workers are inspected daily.

Each employee must have a health certificate.

The current SanPiN establishes the requirements for kindergartens in as much detail as possible. Compliance with most conditions is mandatory for all employees of the organization. The changes made tighten the rules for the administration of preschool educational institutions. Home family groups are exempt from their execution.

Sanitary and epidemiological institutes are constantly working to improve the functioning of preschool educational institutions. And such events are aimed at increasing the safety of children, as well as improving the learning and development of children. In this connection, the current edition of SanPin is subject to constant changes.

Table No. 1 “Main amendments that entered into force SanPin for kindergartens in 2022”

Special attention is given to the nutrition of children in kindergartens, since food is one of the main causes of the spread of infectious diseases. Thus, in 2022, an educational institution will be assigned the following responsibilities:

• choosing a reliable supplier;
• compliance with delivery rules;
• control over the unloading and quality of packaging of products;
• compliance with storage standards for food raw materials;
• following recipes for preparing dishes.

SanPin 2022 strictly defines the standards by which land plots are selected for the construction of a preschool educational institution. The main ones include:

• location within a residential complex or residential area;
• lack of industrial enterprises nearby;
• the noise level should not exceed the norm;
• measurement of air pollution;
• the possibility of natural lighting for outdoor play areas.

SanPin requirements for organizing a walk in a dhow

Control over the formation of comfortable conditions for the rest and development of children falls on the shoulders of educators, who must monitor the proper cleaning and preparation of playrooms and bedrooms for the reception of children. So, in addition to observing the temperature regime, it is necessary to control the air humidity and ventilation of the premises.

According to SanPin, all rooms in which children play, study or relax must be ventilated. And the procedure is carried out according to the following standards:

• at least twice a day for a maximum of 30 minutes with the formation of a draft, but in the absence of children;
• ends half an hour before the students arrive;
• unilaterally in the presence of children and only in hot, dry weather.

According to SanPin, air humidity in kindergarten rooms in 2021 should not rise above 60% and cannot be below 40. As for temperature, the following limit values ​​are allowed:

• gaming within 21-24, the most optimal is 24 degrees;
• the bedroom ranges from 18-22, but 22 is best.

Kindergarten is the first step towards the comprehensive development of a child, so it is very important to organize the right approach to raising children. Thus, according to the established SanPin rules in 2022, the daily routine in a preschool educational institution should contain the following activities:

• exercises in the group room (should be carried out at least twice and the duration of the exercises depends on the age of the kids and should vary between 5-15 minutes);
• physical activity in the fresh air (which also includes active sports games);
• role-playing games in groups that require active participation;
• swimming (if the kindergarten has swimming pools);
• training sessions (the duration of one block of developmental sessions should not exceed ten minutes and should be replaced by other types of activities);
• physical education (includes several simple exercises).

As for training lessons, they include:

• familiarity with numbers and letters;
• art classes;
• music and choreography;
• modeling from plasticine;
• making crafts from natural materials;
• development of logic and memory.

The teacher is required to be able to correctly distribute all types of employment in order to equally pay attention to all types of activities.

Maintaining order in groups is one of the main areas monitored by the sanitary and epidemiological service in kindergartens in 2021, especially during the period of widespread spread of various infections. So, a soap-soda solution is used as a detergent if additional disinfection is necessary. The use of detergents is allowed, but only those that are not harmful to health.

Most often, baby soap is used to clean and wash toys. It applies:

• for washing floors;
• when cleaning door handles, tables and chairs;
• while washing windows;
• in cases of washing clothes and toys.

In addition, air and power vacuum cleaners are used to clean carpets, mattresses and pillows.

The most important task of kindergarten teachers is to teach children to walk in any weather.

It is important that the child, while in the fresh air, is always dressed appropriately for the temperature.

The amount of time during which the walk should be carried out depends on the weather conditions and temperature outside the window.

During the day, preschoolers should walk outside for 3 to 4 hours. That is, according to the standards, one walk should take from 1.5 to 2 hours.

Moreover, if the temperature of a walk in kindergarten according to SanPin is -15 ° C and the wind is over 7 m/s, the duration of children’s stay on the street can be reduced.

This recommendation is provided in clause 11.5 of SanPin.

Outdoor classes are not conducted under the following climatic conditions:

• at temperatures less than -15° C and wind over 15 m/s, for children under 4 years old;
• at temperatures less than -20 ° C and with winds over 15 m/s, if children are from 5 to 7 years old.

Thus, SanPin regulates walking in kindergarten in winter . However, all these conditions are advisory in nature.

In other words, the walk does not have to fit within the established temperature limits and correspond to the wind speed for each age group.

However, educators do not have the right to leave children without any walks in the fresh air.

In frosty, windy and rainy weather, the time spent outside may well be reduced.

When organizing walks, weather conditions, rational clothing for children and the selection of outdoor games should always be taken into account.

Outdoor activities for preschoolers have a positive effect on the emotional state, the development of communication and motor skills, and also accelerates the integration of children into the team.

1. Physical exercises and games are mobile activities that can also include elements of competition.
2. Observation. This component is especially interesting for both children and teachers. Observations are made of natural phenomena, birds, and what is happening around. Often, educators invite preschoolers to use observation to solve simple problems, find answers to riddles, etc.
3. Creative tasks and developmental exercises are carried out using cards, gaming devices and other external material.
4. Work. Children's walks in a preschool educational institution may also include simple work related to tidying up the territory - collecting fallen leaves, chestnuts, etc.

Depending on the location of the organization, two main types of walks can be distinguished: on the territory of the preschool educational institution and behind it. A walk around the territory of the kindergarten is carried out daily, but trips outside the preschool educational institution are carried out less often. Before carrying out such exits, it is necessary to take care of safety measures, especially if the students have to cross the roadway. To do this, the teacher first conducts conversations with the children and reminds them of the rules of behavior.

Themed walks in preschool educational institutions also come in various types:

• with characters are entertaining walks where the leader is a teacher dressed as a fairy-tale hero. Usually, on such walks, kids not only have fun, but also perform exciting educational tasks;
• events – held on holidays and usually include a number of thematic tasks;
• work walks are simple activities related to caring for the territory of the kindergarten, forming in children an awareness of the significance of their work;
• sports activities - active physical exercises, hardening, etc.

It includes the following structural components:

• independent games,
• creative and developmental activities,
• work activity,
• observations,
• physical exercise.

The sequence of these components is selected depending on what activity preceded the walk and what state the pupils are in (active, tired, etc.). The current pedagogical plan is also taken into account. For example, if children go outside after physical education in the gym, then the walk should begin with a quiet activity - for example, observation. If kids go out into the fresh air after a lesson, then it is better to start the walk with a game or active exercises.

Organizing a walk in a preschool educational institution involves drawing up a brief plan that lists the main types of activities, their sequence, duration and significance for the educational process. If the walk involves leaving the territory of the preschool educational institution, then the route must be prescribed.

According to SanPiN, the daily duration of walks in preschool educational institutions should be at least 3-4 hours. This time is divided into two parts: a walk in the first and second half of the day (after a quiet hour, before the pupils go home).

In winter, during strong winds or bad weather, the duration of walks is reduced or they are canceled altogether. Instead, physical exercises and active games are carried out in the gym.

A walk in kindergarten in autumn and winter is prohibited if the outside temperature is below -15 degrees, or there is a wind of over 15 m/s.

During walks in the fresh air, the teacher takes careful control over the activity of the children. Its task is to ensure children’s safety, teach them how to use outdoor aids, and instill an interest in the surrounding nature.

At the end of the walk, the teacher conducts a brief analysis of it and generates a report. The report reflects points such as:

• when and for how long the walk was carried out,
• how preschoolers behaved,
• what outdoor material was used for walks in kindergarten and for what purpose,
• what classes were held,
• in what mood the children came outside and returned to kindergarten.

Analysis of a walk in a preschool educational institution allows you to effectively identify shortcomings and missed components in order to adjust plans next time. Based on the results of the analysis, methodological recommendations are drawn up.

A well-organized walk allows you not only to satisfy the child’s body’s need for physical activity and fresh air, but also, first of all, serves the objectives of the comprehensive development of the child’s body and health promotion.

In accordance with the requirements, walks in kindergartens should take a total of three to four hours daily . Moreover, this time interval is set without indicating the age of the students.

Therefore, this recommendation applies to all groups. SanPiN clarifies that the mentioned period must be divided into two times. Most often, children walk in the gardens in the morning and evening.

Walks are provided all year round, both in warm and cold seasons. The rules establish advisory ranges for permissible temperatures. The document does not prohibit the organization of walks at temperatures above or below the established ones, since this norm is advisory.

Educators are required to objectively assess weather conditions and make decisions about going outside with children in accordance with what is happening outside the window.

According to the general requirements of SanPin for kindergartens, all norms and rules must be observed to the same extent, regardless of the organizational and legal form of the institution or the type of preschool institution.

At the same time, children's groups located in residential apartments or apartment buildings, so-called family groups, should not be guided by these rules.

In the latest changes to SanPin, the rules and regulations related to the daily routine of children in a preschool educational institution have been reduced by almost half. Continuous wakefulness of a child from 3 to 7 years old should not exceed 6 hours; for children under 3 years old, the norms are established depending on medical indications.

Daily walks should be at least 3-4 hours, only twice a day - before lunch and after naps. For each age, SanPin indicates the norm for the duration of sleep per day, which is on average 12 hours a day, of which at least 2.5 hours should be during the day.

According to SanPin, ventilation of the premises of children's groups must be carried out repeatedly, during the absence of children. The duration of ventilation depends on the air temperature outside the window and the quality of heating in the room.

Half an hour before children return to groups, ventilation should be stopped. In the warm season, ventilation is permissible in the presence of pupils; in this case, it is advisable to avoid drafts. The document contains a table that clearly indicates the duration of such procedures in a preschool institution. Read the instructions on how to fill out a personal card for issuing personal protective equipment.

Washing and treating toys in kindergarten according to SanPin must be done daily after children go home. In the youngest groups - twice a day. Toys intended for playing outside are washed immediately after returning from the street. It is also necessary to treat toys that have just been purchased; this must be done with a soapy solution for 15 minutes, then rinsed in clean water. The detergent used to treat toys must be safe for children.

In accordance with SanPin standards, bed linen in a kindergarten should be changed as it gets dirty, but at least once a week. Washing of linen and towels is carried out either in the laundry of a preschool educational institution, or by a special organization with which an agreement has been drawn up for the provision of laundry services.

In accordance with sanitary standards, each child in a kindergarten group must have an individual potty, and for children over 5 years old, personal toilet seats made of safe materials must be installed on the toilets. Pots should be treated immediately after use using detergents and disinfectants. Toilets are cleaned at least twice a day.

The SanPin for a swimming pool in a kindergarten clearly states what rooms should be near the pool and what they will be equipped with, as well as what kind of personnel is needed in the pool. Particular attention should be paid to cleaning and disinfecting the pool. If there is good water circulation in the pool, a complete water change should be done within 8 hours.

If there is no circulation, the water should be drained daily. Cleaning of the swimming bowl must be carried out by the employees responsible for it. Showers, toilets and locker rooms are cleaned every day. General cleaning monthly. It is necessary to monitor the quality of water in the pool once a day.

Flowers are planted in the kindergarten yard to separate play areas from utility areas. According to SanPin, fruit-bearing, poisonous and thorny plants cannot be planted.

The size of furniture in a kindergarten according to SanPin must be of the same group and correspond to the table given in the decree. Each height group of children must correspond to the size of the furniture.

Walks for different age groups

Vera Kostikova

Walks for different age groups

A walk takes up considerable time in the daily routine of preschool children and has enormous pedagogical significance. According to SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the design, content and organization of the operating mode of preschool educational organizations,” approved. By Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 15, 2013 No. 26, the recommended duration of daily walks is 3–4 hours . The duration of the walk is determined by the preschool educational organization depending on climatic conditions. The time allotted for walking must be strictly observed. is organized twice a day : in the first half of the day and in the second half of the day - after a nap or before the children go home.

• The structural components of the walk are : various observations ;

• work assignments;

•motor activity: outdoor activities, sports games and play exercises;

• independent activities of children;

• individual work in different areas of development of students.

These components act not as separate pedagogical events, but as logically sound parts of the main thing that is planned by the teacher in a specific age group during a walk , and make it more effective and interesting.

The sequence of structural components may vary depending on the type of previous educational activity. For example, if children were in an activity that required increased cognitive activity and mental stress, then first the walks there are outdoor games, jogging, and then observations. If before the walk there was a physical education or music lesson, then the walk begins with observation or quiet play.

Each of the required components of the walk lasts from 7 to 15 minutes and is carried out against the backdrop of children’s independent activity.

The physical activity of children during a walk should include :

- outdoor games and physical exercises on a morning walk : in the junior group - 6-10 minutes , in the middle group - 10-15 minutes , in the senior and preparatory groups - 20-25 minutes . On an evening walk : in the junior and middle groups - 10-15 minutes , in the senior and preparatory groups - 12-15 minutes . Outdoor games can be supplemented or replaced by sports exercises or, in older preschool age, sports games , games with elements of competition.

Requirements for children's clothing:

- at any time of the year, clothing and shoes must be appropriate for the current weather and should not overheat or overcool children;

— when temperatures fluctuate from +3 to -3°C and there is light wind, children’s clothing should consist of three layers, including underwear. Outerwear consists of an insulated jacket, trousers or gaiters; insulated boots on feet;

— at temperatures from -4 to -10°C, children wear a winter jacket or down jacket with three layers of clothing. — at lower temperatures, it is recommended to increase the number of layers of clothing to four or five, depending on the heat-protective properties of outerwear. — in the summer, to avoid overheating, children wear light hats.

To avoid overheating of children, it is necessary to adhere to the order of dressing: first, children put on tights, gaiters, then sweaters, overalls, shoes, and only lastly hats, outerwear and a scarf.

also return from . The junior teacher takes the first subgroup of children . Children of the second subgroup continue to walk for another 10-15 minutes with the teacher.

The duration of a walk outside in winter is reduced when the air temperature is lower and the wind speed is higher than the indicators established in the schedule for the age of the children .

1 junior group up to -15 C quiet - at least 1 hour

from -12 C wind up to 5 m/s – at least 30 minutes

2 junior groups up to -20 C quiet - at least 1 hour

from -18 C wind up to 5 m/s – at least 30 minutes

Medium groups up to -25 C quiet – at least 1 hour

from -20 C wind up to 7 m/s to - 24 C wind up to 2 m/s (inclusive)

– at least 30 minutes

Senior, preparatory groups up to -30 C quiet - at least 1 hour

from -25 C wind up to 10 m/s to -29 C wind up to 3 m/s (inclusive)

– at least 30 minutes

Planning for walks outside the site begins with the 2nd junior group .

When preparing for a walk , the teacher must first inspect the place of the walk , the route, and agree with the head. group's route should include as few crossings of the roadway as possible and, if possible, the use of only controlled crossings.

The head, or deputy head for educational and methodological work, appointed by order, conducts targeted briefing with an entry in the Journal of targeted briefing on organizing walks and excursions outside the Kindergarten site with all employees accompanying the children, agrees on the total number of children going for a walk .

In the case of a long walk, it is important to provide the required number of adults at the rate of one adult for 15 children. The teacher must first inspect the route and coordinate it with the head of the Kindergarten.

If for some reason the children from the group remain in the Kindergarten, they, on the instructions of the head of the Kindergarten, must be under the supervision of a certain employee who may be held responsible for the life and health of the children.

Children during walks and excursions outside the Kindergarten site must be accompanied by at least two adults. One of the accompanying persons is appointed senior.

Children line up in a column of two and take each other's hands. While moving in a column, children should not have any objects or toys in their hands.

One of those accompanying the column is in front of the group , the second is behind.

Each accompanying person must have a red flag. The group should be marked with red flags carried by the first and last pairs of children.

Forms of working with children on walks in winter .

When walking with children in winter, you can use the following forms of work:

• observing living and inanimate nature, feeding birds;

• conversations with children on any topic;

• stories of the teacher and students from personal experience;

• creating ice cubes and making patterns from them, decorating the site;

• modeling from snow;

• drawing in the snow;

• labor on site;

• conducting outdoor games in each age group ;

• reading fiction and acting out fairy tales;

• role-playing games using snow buildings;

• educational games for the development of memory, attention, thinking;

• a variety of motor activities: physical education classes (according to the schedule, physical education leisure, skiing, sledding, ice sledding, snowmobiling, various relay races and games using sleds and skis, games with snowballs, sliding along ice paths.

So, during a walk , you can invite children to watch the snow fall and look at the snowflakes on their clothes. The object of observation will be trees and birds. In order to have the opportunity to watch birds every day, the teacher and the children hang pre-made feeders on the site and bring out bread crumbs for them.

If it’s frosty outside, the teacher draws the pupils’ attention to how the snow crunches under their feet and explains why this happens. It will be interesting to observe the patterns on the glass. Together with the teacher, children can fantasize and find familiar shapes: a Christmas tree, snowy mountains, a white bunny, etc. During the walk , the children analyze the weather, and then in a group they enter the results of their observations into the nature calendar.

Conducting experiments with water will be educational. For example, by filling a mold with colored water, children will receive multi-colored ice cubes with which they can decorate the area.

If the snow is sticky, then you can use it as a building material and build a slide, a fortress, or just play snowballs. Taking some snow with them to the group , students will be able to watch it transform into water.

When introducing children to work, the teacher can invite them to cover trees and shrubs with snow, repair snow buildings (if necessary, take part in the construction of a snow fortress. When organizing games during a walk , it is important to ensure that all children are involved in this activity.

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Planning the content of children's activities during a walk .

Planning the content of children's activities during a walk depends on the time of year, weather, previous types of direct educational activities, interests, age of the pupils and is built taking into account the main components of the walk .

The choice of game depends on the time of year, weather, air temperature. On cold days, it is advisable to start your walk with games of greater mobility associated with running, throwing, and jumping. In damp, rainy weather (especially in spring and autumn)

Sedentary games that do not require a lot of space should be organized.

On warm spring, summer days and early autumn, games with jumping, running, throwing, and balance exercises are organized. In hot weather, playing with water becomes popular. During walks , plotless folk games with objects and games with elements of sports games are widely used.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the work activities of children, the organization of which depends on the weather and time of year. For example, in the fall, students can collect flower seeds and harvests from the garden; in winter, they can rake snow and make various structures . The results of this activity can be presented as part of a review competition for the best snow building on the territory of a preschool educational institution. At the same time, it is important for the teacher to take into account that work tasks should be within the capabilities of children.

A large part of the walks is devoted to observations (pre-planned)

for natural phenomena and social life (including the labor of adults who work on the territory of the preschool educational institution or beyond).
Observations can be carried out with a group , a subgroup of students , as well as individually.
In addition, during walks , work is carried out to develop children’s speech. Together with the teacher, students learn short poems, proverbs, sayings, nursery rhymes, song lyrics, and also reinforce the pronunciation of “difficult” sounds. The main place during the walk is given to independent games of pupils.

During the walk it is important that all children are occupied. The teacher needs to ensure that the students do not freeze or overheat. About half an hour before the end of the walk , the teacher organizes quiet games. Then the children collect toys and equipment.