Summary of a game lesson about swimming with presentation
Physical features of animal and human swimming
Author: Ganovicheva Maria Anatolyevna, physics teacher of the Municipal State Institution “Secondary School No. 13” of the Akimat of the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Description: the lesson contains useful information about swimming, interesting knowledge tasks, correlations that encourage active mental activity. Purpose of the material: the development can be used as an element of an extracurricular physics class, instruction before swimming in a school camp, consultation for parents, life safety lesson. Goal: familiarization with the physical characteristics of swimming and safety on the water. Objectives: Educational:
get to know the basics of safe behavior on the water,
Developmental:
develop logical and imaginative thinking.
Educational
: enrich horizons, develop attentiveness, and ecological culture.
Equipment: multimedia projector, computer, presentation “About swimming”, fragment of the film “Rules of behavior on the water”, prizes for participants.
Progress of the lesson:
Summer time has arrived, and with it the swimming season. Many people love to swim and know different swimming styles. Do you know them?
Children's answers (breaststroke, butterfly, crawl, backstroke, doggystyle, frogstroke.)
Both living organisms and inanimate matter can move through water.
This is facilitated by buoyant force. If the density of a body in water is less than or equal to the density of water (1000 kg/m3), it will float on the surface or in the water column. List for whom water is a familiar habitat?
And besides those on the slide? Children's answers: fish, jellyfish, squid, sea turtles. Riddle: Who is born in water but lives on land?
The answer is chosen from the pictures on the slide.
correct answer: dragonfly and toad.
In the animal world, the process of swimming is possible due to various structural features of these animals.
Let's try to complete the “Compliance Task” .
Correct answers: A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4.
In addition to fins, a swim bladder helps fish move underwater. By changing the volume of this bubble due to the amount of gas in it, the fish is able to both increase and decrease the buoyancy force acting on it. This means sinking to depth or surfacing.
Whales can also regulate the depth of their dive by decreasing and increasing their lung capacity.
If the animal has a streamlined shape, then a slight movement of its tail is enough for it to quickly move forward. Not surprisingly, sharks and mackerel swim very fast. I offer an “Auction” to determine the speed for fish. Everyone can name the speed, the one who names the closest to the actual speed receives a prize. Swordfish (
120 km/h),
Flying fish (
65 km/h)
Sharks ( 20 km/h)
A person cannot swim at such speeds due to his structure.
But it can accelerate to 6.7 km/h. Our advantage is that the density of the human body is very close to the density of water, especially when the stomach is empty and the water is salty. In such cases, a person is able to freely stand on the surface of the water without fear of drowning. The main thing is correct posture and calm breathing. Allow your body weight to match the weight of the water it displaces (Archimedes' principle).
If you lie on your back in the water, with your head thrown back and immersed in the water so that only your mouth and nose remain above it, then the buoyant force will keep you on the surface.
The only downside is that the ears will be under water, and not everyone perceives this well. It is not correct if a person begins to throw up his arms or tries to keep his head straight. Additional weight appears and the balance of the buoyant force with the force of gravity is disrupted. Let's check what you know about swimming. Game "YES-NO".
You can say your answers out loud to everyone, or raise your hand if you think the statement is true.
The teacher must explain why each answer is correct or incorrect. 1. Before swimming, it is better to eat a hearty meal, this will give you additional strength. NO. It is better to swim on an empty stomach.
The amount of food in the stomach increases body weight. The static balance is disrupted and the person is pulled to the bottom. 2. Women and children are better able to stay on the surface than men.
YES. Women weigh less than men (sometimes due to subcutaneous fat).
And children have lighter bones. 3. You can warm up in the water.
NO. The water temperature is always lower than the human body temperature, so when a person is in the water, his body loses heat.
4. Swimming is a good way to harden a person; you can spend an hour or more in the water if you like.
NO. Such a long stay in water will lead to hypothermia and seizures.
A cramp is an involuntary painful muscle contraction during swimming. 5. During cramps, movement of the contracted muscle accelerates its disappearance.
YES. You need to continue to move during cramps and try to get ashore quickly, because the cramp may recur.
6. It’s better to swim after lunch, when the water warms up.
NO. Swimming or diving at lunchtime, after a long stay in the sun, is dangerous because the muscles sharply contract reflexively, which can lead to respiratory arrest.
7. You can swim near spillways, locks, bridges, sluices, dams, jetties, and moorings.
Swim close to motor boats and barges. NO. Near the listed places, whirlpools and undercurrents form, once in which, even a good swimmer will not be able to stay on the surface and will find himself under water, where he will begin to drown.
8. You cannot swim beyond the established signs (fencing of the area designated for swimming).
YES. Buoys are designed to measure a safe distance in a body of water, beyond which you cannot swim.
9. It is prohibited to push a friend from a tower or from the shore.
YES. A frightened person may accidentally inflict serious injury on the joker or drown in the water.
10. If a person is drowning, then it is best to throw him a floating object on a rope: then you can pull the drowning person to the shore.
YES. The lifebuoy must be thrown flat towards the drowning person.
Swimming up yourself can be dangerous, as it happened that a panicked victim drowned his savior. 11. After rescuing a drowning person, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration must be performed.
NO. Artificial respiration is performed if the victim is not breathing, but there is a pulse. And before artificial respiration, you need to clear the drowned person’s mouth and nose of mucus. If the rescued person is breathing, just move him to a warm place, take off wet clothes, wrap him in blankets and call a doctor.
Consolidation: watching the video fragment “Rules of behavior on the water.”
Presentation on the topic: Game lesson about swimming
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