Long-term plan for developing cultural and hygienic skills in children of the preparatory group

Author: Martyukhina Irina Fedorovna Cultural and hygienic skills are a very important part of the culture of behavior. The need for neatness, keeping the face, body, hairstyle, clothes, shoes clean, is dictated not only by hygiene requirements, but also by the norms of human relations. Children should understand that if they regularly follow these rules, then they will show respect for others and will have the idea that a sloppy person who does not know how to take care of himself, his appearance, and actions, as a rule, will not be approved by the people around him.

In addition, instilling personal and public hygiene skills in children plays a vital role in protecting their health and promotes correct behavior at home and in public places.
In the process of everyday work with children, it is necessary to strive to ensure that following the rules of personal hygiene becomes natural for them, and that hygiene skills are constantly improved with age. Author:
Martyukhina Irina Fedorovna

Long-term plan

for the education of cultural and hygienic skills

in children of the preparatory group

Regime processes	Skill content		Methodical techniques
September
Nutrition	Improve the ability to hold a fork with your thumb and middle fingers, holding it on top with your index finger.		Conversation “Let’s remember how to eat properly.”
Dressing and undressing	Improve the ability to independently dress and undress in a certain sequence, carefully fold and hang clothes on a chair before going to bed.		Didactic exercise “Who will put the clothes correctly and quickly.”
Washing	Improve your washing skills: soap your hands until foam forms, rinse thoroughly, and wipe dry with a towel.		Reading: I. Ishchuk “My palms.”
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Learn to dry and clean your clothes and shoes, strengthen the ability to make your bed.		Didactic exercise “How to make the bed.”
October
Nutrition	Learn to eat different types of food without changing the position of the fork in your hand, but only slightly turning your hand.		Reading N. Litvinov “The Kingdom of Cutlery.”
Dressing and undressing.	Improve the skills of correctly placing your things in the closet, strengthen the ability to tie shoelaces, and fasten sandals.		Conversation “Every thing has its place.”
Washing	Improve your washing skills, wash your face, and dry yourself with an individual towel.		Didactic exercise “Let’s tell the kids how to wash themselves.”
Making the bed	Continue learning how to make the bed: straighten the blanket after adjusting the sheet.		Reading S. Mikhalkov “I myself.”
November
Nutrition	Strengthen the ability to spread butter on bread with a knife, cut off a piece of meat or sausage.	Didactic exercise “Let’s tell the kids how to use a knife correctly.”
Dressing and undressing	Strengthen the ability to dress and undress in a certain sequence, use different types of fasteners.	Reading I. Bursov “Galoshes”, S. Mikhalkov “I Myself”. Exercise “Who will put the clothes correctly and quickly.”
Washing	Continue to teach how to wash yourself properly and use a handkerchief in a timely manner.	Reading K. Chukovsky “Moidodyr” (excerpts).
Making the bed	Improve the skills of making the bed, the ability to carefully cover the bed with a blanket.	Didactic exercise “Who will make the bed correctly and quickly.”
December
Nutrition	Strengthen the ability to eat a second dish, holding a knife in your right hand and a fork in your left hand.	Conversation “How to properly eat a second course.”
Dressing and undressing	Strengthen the ability to neatly fold and hang clothes on a chair, and dress in a certain sequence.	Exercise “How we can put things in order.”
Washing	Improve the skills of proper washing and using an individual towel.	Reading A. Barto, P. Barto “The Dirty Girl”.
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Continue to teach how to dry and clean your clothes and wipe your shoes	Conversation “How to take care of your clothes.”
January
Nutrition	Strengthen the ability to eat the second course. Improve your ability to use a napkin as needed.	Conversation “Culture of behavior while eating.”
Dressing and undressing	Teach children to independently maintain cleanliness and order in their closet.	Conversation “How we clean up our closet.”
Washing	Improve your ability to wash your face quickly and correctly.	Game-dramatization based on the work of A. Barto, P. Barto “The Dirty Girl”.
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed	Continue to teach how to wash, wipe, clean your shoes. Learn to sew on torn buttons. Take part in changing bed linen.	Reading D. Krupskaya “Purity”.
February
Nutrition	Strengthen the ability to use a knife and fork at dinner, and a napkin as needed.	The game is a competition “Can I…”.
Dressing and undressing	Maintain cleanliness and order in your closet yourself	The game is a competition “Let’s put things in order in the lockers.”
Washing	Improve the ability to dry yourself only with your own towel, taking it from the cabinet and unfolding it on your palms.	Reading an excerpt from K.I. Chukovsky’s fairy tale “Moidodyr” “Long live fragrant soap...”.
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Improve the ability to dry and clean your clothes, wash, wipe, and clean your shoes. Continue to teach how to put a clean pillowcase on the pillow and spread a sheet.	Didactic exercise “Let’s help the junior teacher change the bed linen.”
March
Nutrition	Strengthen the ability to use cutlery correctly and eat the second course using a knife and fork.	Conversation “Why the second course is not eaten with a spoon.”
Dressing and undressing	Strengthen the ability to turn removed clothes right side out and carefully place shoes	Reading M. Zoshchenko “Stupid History”.
Washing	Improve the ability to quickly and accurately wash your face, be sure to wash your hands with soap after visiting the toilet.	Conversation “Microbes are our enemies.”
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Form the habit of taking care of your appearance. Continue to teach how to take part in changing bed linen.	Conversation “Cleanliness is the key to health.”
April
Nutrition	Continue to teach how to eat the second course using a knife and fork, without moving them from hand to hand, and eat with your mouth closed.	Conversation “Food culture is a responsible matter.”
Dressing and undressing	Strengthen the ability to neatly fold clothes before going to bed, turn sleeves inside out, and straighten clothes.	Competition game “Whose chair is the neatest”
Washing	Reinforce the rules for washing and maintaining order in the washroom.	Reading E. Vinokurov “Bathing children.”
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed	Continue to form the habit of monitoring your appearance, remind your comrades about problems in their appearance. Learn to take part in changing bed linen: put on a clean pillowcase, and with the help of an adult, put the duvet cover on the blanket.	Didactic exercise “Helping a friend.”
May
Nutrition	Continue to teach children to eat with their mouths closed and chew food silently.	Didactic exercise “We eat culturally at the table.”
Dressing and undressing	Continue to teach children to keep their closets in order, strengthen the ability to use different types of fasteners on shoes and clothes, and tie shoelaces.	Didactic exercise “Who has a tidy closet?”
Washing	Strengthen the ability to wash hands with soap after visiting the toilet and as needed	Conversation "Clean hands - healthy children."
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Form the habit of reminding your comrades about problems in their appearance, show a desire to help them, and improve the ability to sew up clothes that have torn at the seams. Continue to teach how to change the bed: lay out a clean sheet, put on a pillowcase and duvet cover.	Productive activity: sewing doll clothes. Role-playing game "Kindergarten".
June
Nutrition	Improve the ability to properly use cutlery while eating, hold the cutlery above the plate.	Reading O. Grigoriev “Jam”.
Dressing and undressing	Continue to teach children to help their friends get dressed: fasten a button, straighten a collar.	Reading S. Mikhalkov “Everything by myself.”
Washing	Strengthen and improve the habit of keeping your body clean	Reading T. Kozhomberdiev "Doesn't matter".
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Constantly monitor your appearance and troubleshoot problems.	Didactic exercise “Who is the neatest.”
July
Nutrition	Improve the ability to hold utensils above the plate while eating, and at the end of the meal, place them on the edge of the plate, and not on the table.	Role-playing game "In the cafe".
Dressing and undressing	Strengthen the ability to neatly hang things in the closet and fold them on a chair.	Reading Ya. Akim “The Incompetent”.
Washing	Consolidate and improve acquired skills, cultivate the habit of keeping the body clean.	Didactic exercise “Whose towel is clean has washed himself correctly.”
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Learn to sew on loose loops. Make the bed completely after sleep.	Showing, reminding, indicating.
August
Nutrition	To consolidate and improve the skills of eating culturally, using cutlery and napkins correctly.	Role-playing games: “We are at a birthday party”, “In a cafe”.
Dressing and undressing	Improve the ability to quickly dress and undress, maintain order in the closet, and help comrades.	The game is a competition “Who is the fastest”, “Who is the most careful”.
Washing	Strengthen the ability to wash your hands with soap after visiting the toilet and as needed.	Reminder.
Keeping clothes and shoes in order, making the bed.	Constantly monitor your appearance, help your comrades troubleshoot problems with their appearance, and take part in changing bed linen.	Productive activity: helping the assistant teacher.

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Summary of routine moments in the 1st half of the day in the middle group (morning reception, washing, feeding, preparing for a walk (dressing), returning from a walk (undressing), preparing for bed and going to bed).

Goal: to promote an emotional mood for the whole day, to ensure a calm separation of children from their parents.

Equipment: various toys.

In 10-15 minutes I come to the group, ventilate the room, prepare the toys.

I greet each child kindly and greet him and his parents with a smile. I ask the parents: “How did the child sleep?”, “How is he feeling?”, “In what mood did he go to kindergarten?” or I ask the child himself: “Well, how are you? Will you play with us today?

Then I bring the child into the group and offer him an activity (dolls, cars, cubes, mosaics). During the reception, if the child does not want to part with his parents, I use musical and ).

Goal: promote health, formulate a washing rule.

While the nanny is putting breakfast on the tables, I call 2-3 children who are eating slowly and say: “Guys, do you want your hands to be clean? Let's wash them."

I take the children to the washbasin and say: “We roll up our sleeves so as not to get them wet, and now open the tap with warm water. I make sure (if necessary I help) that the children open the tap. When water started flowing in all the taps, I use a literary word:

Clean water is flowing. We know how to wash with you - We put our hands under the water with a boat (I show it to the children). Now take the soap and lather your hands in a circular motion. They washed their ears with soap, they washed their hands with soap, these are the little hands, little hands, little hands.

— We put our hands under the water again and rinse off the soap well. Shake the remaining water into the sink and turn off the tap. Now everyone goes to the towel and wipes their hands dry on all sides, we hang the towel back in its place. So our hands have become clean!

I also continue to call the remaining children one by one, help them and use artistic expression.

Goal: to promote the formation of rule of behavior at the table.

Conduct: “Children, everyone who has washed their hands, sit down at the tables. Sit up straight, put your legs straight, do not put your elbows on the table. Everyone is sitting upright, Legs are standing together, Eyes are looking at the plate, Elbows are removed from the table, The children are eating quietly. Children! Came to visit today

Came to visit today - Good Appetite! Bon Appetit everyone!"

While eating, I make sure that the children hold the spoon correctly, sit up straight, and eat silently.

I tell you how beneficial it is when children eat: they grow quickly and never get sick.

For children who don't eat, I try to convince them that they need to eat at least a little (unless they have a reason not to eat).

I help those guys who eat slowly or don’t know how to eat.

To the child who has eaten, I say: “Dasha, take a napkin and wipe your mouth, don’t forget to say “thank you” and push up the chair.”

Preparing for a walk (dressing)

Goal: to ensure that all children are ready for a walk on time.

Before going out for a walk, I remind the children to go to the toilet. Then I take a group of children and we all go out to the locker room together.

I make sure that children dress properly for a walk, observing the principle of gradualness: tights, socks, pants, boots, jacket, hat, jacket, mittens, scarf.

During this I use a literary word:

Let's dress in order

We get used to order.

- Danila, what color are your pants?

- Vanya, what do we put on our heads?

If the children cannot answer, I help them.

I encourage the children to dress themselves: “Kolya, show me how you can put on your pants.”

— Children, in order for our clothes to be clean, we need to walk carefully and not run through puddles.

Returning from a walk (undressing)

Goal: to ensure timely arrival from a walk.

I ask all children to wipe their feet when entering kindergarten (I show them how to do this).

- How cheerful you all are when you came back from your walk! Do you want to go to a group to play? Let's carefully undress.

I make sure that all the children undress correctly and neatly, and I help any of the children who need help.

- First we take off the jacket, then the hat, jacket, pants, boots, tights and, finally, socks.

I make sure the children are neat after a walk: “Dasha, look how dirty your pants are!” What kind of pants did you wear?” (clean).

I also turn to other children: “Yulia, what are you filming now? Christina, where will you hang your jacket?”

Goal: to contribute to the formation of rules of conduct.

I take the children one by one to the toilet, then to the bedroom.

- Guys, we played so well today and our hands, eyes and legs are tired and want to rest. Take your chairs and let's undress. Children, does everyone remember how to fold their clothes on a chair? I help the children undress. I put the children in bed first because they take longer to fall asleep. Let's put a soft feather bed under the back. On top of the feather bed, a clean sheet. Put white pillows under the ears. And cover with a blanket so that the children sleep soundly.

- Guys, who have undressed, lie down in bed and cover yourself with a blanket. When all the children are lying in bed, I say in a calm, quiet voice: So people are sleeping, Here are animals sleeping. Birds sleep on branches, Foxes sleep on hills, Hares sleep on grass, Ducks sleep on ants, Children are all in their cradle... They sleep and sleep, they tell the whole world to sleep. Now we lie down on our side and close our eyes. Pleasant dreams! While the children are sleeping, I keep an eye on them (so that they don’t open up, so that they don’t fall).